A chap at my work who had vision problems used to use an on screen magnifier - so it just physically magnified the content visible on the screen. They could then move their mouse across the screen as they read. That might be helpful in some situations?
If you're in a university they almost certainly have a disabled staff network. I find mine really helpful because we're all in the same boat and can ask questions of each other. Usually people have experience and can explain.
The other thing to ask is that people doing presentations make sure their PowerPoint is accessible. So that means using tables etc made inside PowerPoint not images, making images not essential to the presentation where possible and adding good alternative text explanations to the images where required. You can also mark images as decorative only.
The above also works on word documents and things that are then converted to PDF too. Apologies if you know all this already.
Depending how you find typing lots of people find dragon software useful (dictation software) but be aware it eats ram so you may need an adapter computer.
I have concluded being open about the fact that I have "a long term health condition" makes life easier. But if colleagues continue being difficult, ultimately that's disability discrimination. I do think, unfortunately, that you have to tell people about your needs. If someone worked remotely in a wheelchair then they'd need to mention that coming into a different office say because otherwise people wouldn't know to book an accessible meeting room. Obviously that's probably also an argument for making things accessible by design.
The other thing I'd probably see if I could do if I were you would be test various ways of doing presentations/meetings with a single, trusted, helpful colleague until you work out what suits you. That way you can know what to ask for. I'd be very happy to facilitate a day "out of office" (i.e. off emails etc) to do this for any of my employees and it would be a reasonable thing to ask for.
Personally, I find the fact that my body doesn't do what I want it to super annoying and it frustrates me all the time. I can tend to blame myself for that sort of thing. But it is reasonable to expect adjustments at work, though people do have to know that you need them.