I have a degree in English literature and I firmly believe that it’s perfectly possible for a novel to cover all those things and be ‘a good read’.
In fact, I would argue (and did argue in academic essays) that if it can’t manage to do both, it isn’t a ‘great novel’.
our society now tries to avoid looking at those difficult issues, such as inequality (Dickens), what it is to be human (Russian novelists), the emergence of industrial power (Mrs Gaskell), the decline of traditional rural society (Hardy)
Modern literature really does not avoid difficult issues, at all. Thousands of contemporary writers are confronting those issues, and many more, in very accessible and readable literary fiction, and genre fiction too.
In answer to your question, OP, I think it’s always going to be a matter of personal taste. I think Bleak House is a cracking good read, but I’m sure plenty of people, perfectly reasonably, find it turgid and dull. And Jane Austen is probably one the most popular ‘classic’ novelists that people still read for pleasure, but I find her pretty tedious.
I’m not the biggest fan of 18th/19th century novelists in general, but I would say my favourite classics of that period are:
Dracula
Frankenstein
Wuthering Heights
Jane Eyre
The Tenant of Wildfell Hall
Bleak House
A Tale Of Two Cities
Madame Bovary
The Turn Of The Screw
North And South
Among my favourite modern classics are:
All Orwell’s novels
All Camus’s novels
The Bell Jar
The Ragged-Trousered Philanthropists
Brideshead Revisited
The Great Gatsby
The Grapes of Wrath
The Sun Also Rises
To Kill A Mockingbird