After reading the comments, I feel like this might just be shouting into the void, as the perception that prescribing antibiotics easily is a sign of a good clinician seems too ingrained. In reality, it's quite the opposite. A consult for a sore throat or cough is very very easy and short if you're going to prescribe antibiotics: "Hi Dr, I've got a sore throat, I need antibiotics" – a quick look, check temperature and pulse, ask about allergies, and hand over a prescription. Super easy. But this approach would only he taken by clinicians who are either lazy or indifferent to the potential harm to their patients.
The approach of addressing the patient's belief that they need antibiotics, explaining why antibiotics might not be necessary in a supportive manner, guiding them on self-care for their symptoms, and educating them on when treatment is actually required. Potentially a challenging consult especially if someone's arrived with the mindset of demanding/refusing to leave until a prescription is issued. Taking the time to not prescribe is far more effort, time consuming and costly then issuing a prescription you know isn't needed. There's certainly no monitary benefit in not prescribing - these antibiotics are very cheap, the Dr's clinic time not so. So to believe it indicates lazy/poor practice/uncaring Dr is really not correct.
It's important to understand that while pharyngitis and tonsillitis can be viral or bacterial, neither typically requires antibiotics. Even with bacterial infections, your body can usually clear them just as quickly on its own. At best, antibiotics might reduce symptoms by only 16 hours. This is why antibiotic prescriptions are decreasing and should continue to do so.
For reference, the NICE guidelines, which establish best practices for clinicians in the UK, state the following for acute sore throats (including pharyngitis and tonsillitis):
- Acute sore throat is self-limiting and often triggered by a viral infection of the upper respiratory tract.
- Symptoms can last around 1 week, but most people recover within this time without antibiotics, regardless of whether the cause is bacterial or viral.
Based on these guidelines, the advice for patients for which the assessment toold indicate antibiotics can be given:
- Consider no antibiotic prescription with advice or a back-up antibiotic prescription, taking into account:
- Evidence that antibiotics make little difference in how long symptoms last (on average, they shorten symptoms by about 16 hours).
- Evidence that most people feel better after 1 week, with or without antibiotics.
- The unlikely event of complications if antibiotics are withheld.
- Possible adverse effects, particularly diarrhea and nausea.
Even if you score the maximum points on fever pain or centor (the assessment tools for considering antibiotics), so you've got every single sign pointing towards a 'severe bacterial' tonsillitis it's still advising to only consider antibiotics, i.e. still can be appropriate to not give any antibiotics:
"Consider an immediate antibiotic prescription (see recommendation 1.3.1 for choice of antibiotic), or a back-up antibiotic prescription with advice (see recommendation 1.1.9), taking account of:
- the unlikely event of complications if antibiotics are withheld
- possible adverse effects, particularly diarrhoea and nausea."
The only patient group the guideline state need to be prescribed to are:
"People who are systemically very unwell, have symptoms and signs of a more serious illness or condition, or are at high-risk of complications".
By systemically very unwell this is going to be patients who could be septic/high pulse, low bp, dropped urine output, stopped all typical activities....
https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng84/chapter/recommendations