India has exported large amounts of rice to Africa for many years. So much, in fact, that 70% of Senegal’s imported rice comes from India alone.
Globally India is the world’s biggest exporter of rice, accounting for nearly 40% of international trades. It produces so much rice that it is able to afford to subsidise domestic supplies to the poor.
In July India, facing rising food prices, high inflation and expecting lower crop yields due to adverse weather, banned the export of the cheaper types of rice.
The more expensive types of rice which are generally grown specifically to be sold abroad continued to be exported.
Due to the volume of Indian rice being withheld from the global market, prices shot up. African countries were at a disadvantage in the bidding war.
As the cost of rice increased it pushed up demand for other cheaper crops. In turn this led to those becoming more expensive.
Countries which relied on Indian rice to feed their populations found themselves in a precarious food supply situation. People were going hungry.
Pressure was put on the Indian governemnt to honour its trade agreements for the export of cheap rice.
The Indian government said it had a moral duty to provide food security for its citizens first.
Who is in the right - India or the countries who buy Indian rice?
Relying on mainly imported food to feed your population is risky.
A country can only import food if the exporter is willing to supply it.