Dr Gemma Knowles, from the ESRC Centre for Society and Mental Health, King’s College London, said:
“The paper answers a broad question. In doing this, it risks obscuring important effects among the most affected and disadvantaged groups and, from that, obscuring possible widening of inequalities in mental distress that occurred because of the pandemic.
“There is evidence from other studies of considerable variation – with some people’s mental health improving and others’ deteriorating. This may mean no overall increase, but this shouldn’t be interpreted as suggesting the pandemic didn’t have major negative effects among some groups.
“The sub-group analyses are limited and don’t, for example, include analyses by SES, ethnic group, or by direct impacts of the pandemic on income, work, etc. Individual studies, including our recent study1, that have considered these domains suggest quite marked effects in some of the most affected and disadvantaged groups.
“The paper also considers pre- and mid- pandemic, seemingly without considering a) the timing of measurement pre-pandemic matters and b) the impacts of the pandemic varied over time. The study has very little data on sub-groups, beyond gender and age and pre-existing conditions, and so the authors cannot conclude there was little deterioration in mental health without considering these differences.”
Dr Roman Raczka, Chair of the British Psychological Society’s Division of Clinical Psychology, said:
“The findings of the systematic review confirm what studies have indicated – that the mental health of the general population did not significantly worsen during the pandemic due to the high level of resilience.
“However, early studies indicated increasing mental health concerns for people who had existing problems, and there is evidence that the pandemic played a key role in worsening mental health for particular groups, including children and young people, women and parents living in poverty.
“We do not yet have the full picture, and further studies are needed into the impact of the pandemic on groups experiencing long-standing social and health inequities. We do know that overstretched and underfunded mental health services have been unable to meet soaring demand in recent years. With more people reaching out for support, it is vital that the government adequately funds services to deliver the support that is needed.”
www.sciencemediacentre.org/expert-reaction-to-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis-on-mental-health-before-and-during-the-covid-19-pandemic/
TLDR: It's not that straightforward.