Is this actually real?
Being gender critical- fine if that's your stance
Being rude about his friends- not fine, especially when he's clearly not comfortable with your "jokes".
Being angry at the state he and his friend/partner left your home in- fine. That's disrespectful of them.
Being concerned that he's putting casual sex ahead of his responsibilities to a team he's committed to- fine, but also, 17 year old lad. So it sort of goes with the territory. He got there though and didn't stay in bed with his partner all day, so it's alright I reckon.
Being annoyed about love bites on his neck- not your problem, not your neck, not your sex life, not your choice.
Driving to the friend/partners house to tell the parents, totally unannounced, that your legal age son and their legal age teen might have had sex and that they need to grill their teen about contraception- not fine. Again, what the actual fuck were you thinking?
Feeling hurt about your son's opinion of you? Fine. If someone's got a negative opinion of you, it can hurt to discover that.
Doing absolutely nothing to understand him, his life, his choices, why he might have that opinion and what you can do to make your relationship better? Not fine. Not fine at all.
Taking his phone off him at night - not fine. It's not boot camp, it's his home for now.
Going through his messages- iffy. If you thought he was at risk of harm, yeah. But you didn't.
Texting someone impersonating him to portray yourself in a better light- not fine. What the actual fuck were you thinking?