DM grew up with the NHS, then moved to Ireland where she qualified for a medical card so she's never had to pay for a single appointment in her life. And it shows.
In Ireland, if you are on benefits or disabled, you typically qualify for a medical card and free GP /hospital visits, otherwise it's €60 for each appointment with the GP or €100 in A&E.
So that means when I get a sore throat, I reach for the strepsils and paracetamol and if it's still sore in a week, I think about going to the GP for antibiotics to shift it. I know my own body. I know when it's a regular cough /sore throat or something that feels different and therefore warrants investigation. I'll still wait a few days if I've vomiting /diarrhoea to see if it's a simple bug, and then have a chat to the local pharmacist for any OTC remedies to try before I splurge €60 quid for a GP to tell me "yes, there's a bug going around, that's what you have, plenty of fluids and rest, bye!"
DM's sore throat has her trotting in to the GP the very next day. So many times I've met up with her and she's berated me for not going to the GP for a cough that I've had for less than a few days and every time, I patiently explain that in order to attend the GP, I need to pay €60, plus take time off work, and pay for whatever medication I get prescribed into the bargain. And every time, she's shocked and surprised that I don't have a medical card. And further shocked that I don't get prescribed OTC meds so it's 'free'. It's not fucking free. I pay for my own health care AND I pay taxes that fund the health care of people who can't afford to pay. And even though every working person pays for their own healthcare, I can't say that our HSE is any better than your NHS. GP services are pretty stretched in some locations and there's a shortage of GPs too but it's not as dire as the UK seems to be.
Children under 6 get free GP visits which I think is good given that with children you have to err on the side of caution and symptoms can take a downturn rapidly. But when it was introduced, and probably still now, there was an influx of children being brought in for every little sniffle.
But unless the NHS are a bastion of economic efficiency, our example of pay-per-view for GP services probably indicates that it won't put much of a dent in what's needed to overhaul both the NHS and the mindset of the population...