Your husband sounds deeply unpleasant and like he's undermined your confidence at the the worst possible time. Bin him Ignore him.
In terms of the task, you are WAY overthinking it.
Step one: make a list of colleagues to speak to. This should be people who use the database in a variety of ways for different tasks. (People who input, people who extract, people who present based on it. Etc). Make sure that it's broad as different departments and levels will have separate issues with the system as is.
Step two: either by email, call or F2F, open lines of communication with these people. Given how you are feeling awkward, I'd frame this in the context of the specific task you've been set. E.g.
Hi Sharon, Bob has asked me to compile a list of issues with the database system and look for improvements that we'd all like to see. At this stage I'm gathering insights from people who use it. Can you let me know any challenges it's creating for you, or any new features / changes you'd love to see implemented by XX date.
Step three: create a list. Gather up all the challenges identified across all colleagues. Group them by theme. Identify where solutions have been suggested. Or where you have ideas for what could solve the problems. Including potential add ons or features that could save time / improve processes etc.
Step four: circulate the list. Hi everyone, thanks for your input so far. I've pulled together all the top issued identified and the possible solutions. Let me know if you have any feedback / extra requests before I present it back up to Bob.
Step five: organise a sit down with Bob. Walk him through the findings. The major issues and top priorities. Suggest an action plan for improvement based on what you've learnt. Including what to tackle first and the ideal impact of each change. Credit all people involved.
Bish, bash, bosh. Job done.