I've learned to accept that you can't, tbh, so it's better to learn to live with uncertainty than to try and prepare for every eventuality. I think this is something that gets easier as you get older though. I'm 66 and don't think I could have done it in my 20s/30s.
I've been made redundant and married a man who turned out to be an abusive shit, lived through interest rates shooting up and house prices crashing (followed a few years later by the opposite), riots, attacks on the welfare state, bereavements (one of which totally fucked up my retirement plan), high unemployment and labour shortages, and the one thing I've learned is that shit happens from time to time no matter what you do. And things that would have been unimaginable when I was young, like people in the UK having to use food banks are now, if not tolerated, then at least accepted.
The super-rich can avoid the worst impacts of many events by fucking off elsewhere, but for the rest of us, we're pretty much stuck with shit that happens.
Things that help are stuff like having a secure home that you can't be chucked out of and enough in the bank to cover your expenses for 3 months or so. So no, I wouldn't buy that sofa if it meant using my "safety net", but I might get it on interest-free credit if I was confident I could pay it off over 3 or 6 months. (Actually, I bought my sofas on a store card, because doing so got me an extra 10% off, but I paid it in full before there was any interest due).
Planning can mitigate things to some extent, but not prevent them. The things that are most important are having family and friends that you love, enough money to eat, keep a roof over your head, stay warm and have the occasional treat now and again.
Anything above that is a bonus.