I’d say by Y10 - the school, you and he should have a good idea of appropriate maths set.
Have you got any reason to think his group is too high level?
Is this new for Y10 rather than a recap? I’m more familiar with Y7-9 syllabus (from homeschool!) and I would say that a high set end of KS3 has the knowledge to do this, but could easily - especially second week of term - need a, “and what do we know about isosceles triangles?”’prompt.
On a good day, that prompt would get mine started, and a bad day she’d scream, “that’s no help, as I clearly don’t get it, you’re making it worse, you’re so patronising!” 🤣
If you think he’s in the right set, let school pick it up. You may find this is a deliberate stretch and it’s OK that they don’t all get it.
Maybe email the teacher and ask if he would expect YOUR child to get it.
I know this is not an option for everyone, but a tutor even for a short time can really help with concentration - mine would NEVER kick off at a “patronising” tutor as she would at mum 🤔