And a bit more on the NHS policy
(archived from 2013)
<a class="break-all" href="https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20130123201551/www.dh.gov.uk/en/Publicationsandstatistics/Publications/PublicationsPolicyAndGuidance/DH_114751" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20130123201551/www.dh.gov.uk/en/Publicationsandstatistics/Publications/PublicationsPolicyAndGuidance/DH_114751
Wash uniforms and clothing worn at work at the hottest temperature suitable for the fabric (trusts should take this into account before purchasing uniforms that can only be washed at low temperatures or are ‘dry clean only’).
A wash for 10 minutes at 60ºC removes almost all micro-organisms. Washing with detergent at lower temperatures – down to 30ºC – eliminates MRSA and most other micro-organisms
All elements of the washing process contribute to the removal of micro-organisms on fabric. Detergents (washing powder or liquid) and agitation release any soiling from the clothes, which is then removed by sheer volume of water during rinsing.
Temperature also plays a part.Scientific observations and tests, literature reviews and expert opinion suggest that:• there is little effective difference between domestic and commercial laundering in terms of removing micro-organisms from uniforms and workwear;•
washing with detergents at 30ºC will remove most gram positive micro-organisms, including all meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA); and• a 10-minute wash at 60ºC is sufficient to remove almost all micro-organisms.
In tests, only 0.1% of any Clostridium difficile spores remained. Microbiologists carrying out the research advise that this level of contamination on uniforms and workwear is not a cause for concern.
So basically - if you want to be really sure you have removed all bacteria and viruses, then wash at 60C. For NHS workers, that may well be the best advice given.
But for Coronavirus and most bacteria, then the normal temperature for your clothes is fine. Which is going to be fine for the public.