The answer is localism. The domination of the "High Street" for shopping was only a temporary blip. Go back to the 70s and the town centres were where people lived and worked, not just where they shopped.
Housing estates on the outskirts of towns had their own local shops, either on street corners or in small precincts. In the town centres, you had places of employment - not just shops, but also offices, banks, light industry, warehouses, breweries, print works, garages, cinemas/theatres, etc etc. Of course, town centres also had the "destination/specialist" shops which weren't in the suburbs.
In the 70/80s, the chain stores took over the High Streets - homes and businesses were demolished/converted for chain stores and thus the town centres became places where people went to shop, thus them being virtually deserted outside normal shopping hours.
Then came out of town retail parks etc and later came online shopping, both have which have decimated the town centre shops in lots of towns.
Rather than hark back to the temporary blip of retail domination, we need to re-purpose them to where people live and work. To an extent, university towns have already done this as lots of students live in town centres and so there are pubs, restaurants, cinemas and shops for them, but local councils need initiatives to get families living in town centres again and to do that, they need to concentrate the shops/cinemas etc in a small central part of town - i.e. to contract the town centres allowing the outer areas to be put back to housing.