I’m not sure the Greenland settlement was that successful or long lasting? Jared Diamond wrote about this in his great book ‘Collapse - why some civilisations fail’. It’s a while since I’ve read it - must get it out again!
I think it was very successful - two groups built farms and small towns and had a fairly important bishopric which was supported by those settlements, and it lasted 450-500 years. That's a lot of generations of Europeans born and raised in Greenland. The Inuit only came along towards the end of this period (they migrated westwards from Siberia). There are quite impressive stone ruins left in Greenland - all the more impressive for the fact they are still quite substantial despite the climate and the centuries since then. Its even thought that before the 15th Century, the seas were more easily navigable due to less stormy conditions and certainly there were regular ships going from Norway to serve the Greenland settlements.
I think, in medievaal terms, you have to say that was a very successful settlement. People migrated to a previously uninhabited area, farmed it well enough to stay there and for hundreds of years, leave marriage records, have families, etc. We still don't know for sure why the settlement died off - it might have been a combination of factors.
We do know for certain that the end of the Norse settlement in Greenland coincided with a relatively rapid cooling of the climate to modern day temperatures and that it was warmer for the period of 450-500 years when it was successful.