The first session is often a form filling and fact finding exercise. I'm surprised you weren't filling in forms to rate your anxiety etc. Also looking at and agreeing goals? It's good to have an idea what form the therapy will take, but reading a booklet sounds a bit lame for a first session.
CBT is very much a here and now therapy, looking at what's happening for you today as regards your thoughts, feelings and behaviours. It's looking at your cognitions, your thoughts, and often specifically your automatic negative thoughts. It doesn't delve into your past, like for example a therapist working in the psychodynamic model. It can be touched upon, but it's not the focus of the therapy.
The focus is very much goal driven, the therapist is directive, immediate and challenging, and there should be homework for you to do outside of session. CBT is often used in the treatment of depression and anxiety, it's also good for phobias.
The NHS loves CBT because it's outcomes are very measurable, it can produce verifiable results quite quickly, and can get people back on their feet quicker than other therapies. It does require real engagement from the client.
The downsides are that although it can give you tools for life, it does not address the underlying issues that brought you to it in the first place. For this reason there can be quite a high relapse rate. Depending on your presenting issue and your financial circumstances, it can be great to have CBT to put you back on track, so to speak. But if you could then follow it up with some therapy where the therapist works integratively, ie using many modalities including person-centred, psychodynamic and CBT, that could be really helpful.
Do you know what your therapists qualifications are?