bibbitybobbityyhat
How does "most of the world" handle the childcare issue Poisonous Smurf? this is what really interests me.
I can only speak for Spain where we live. Christmas holiday runs from immediately before Christmas (e.g. 22nd Dec.) to 7th Jan. to include the 3 Kings festival celebrated on 5th/6th Dec. Kids seem to spend the period with their extended families so shared among aunts, uncles, older cousins, and grandparents either who don't work or on their days off. Some businesses close between Christmas and New Year or even Christmas and 3 Kings and many allow people to work from home where possible (obviously not a solution for those in retail, hospitality, emergency services).
Easter is 1 week involving 3 days of childcare as holy Thursday and good Friday are bank holidays. Again, children go to extended family or parents may have the time off as businesses close for the week or allow remote working.
There are no half-terms.
Summer is long. In a state school it can be almost 3 months, I believe this year they broke up on 17th June and will return on 12th September.(The school where I work and my children attend is independent so the holidays are slightly shorter - 1st July to 28th August). Many employers, who can do so (i.e. office type work) offer summer hours where employees typically work from 8am to 3pm with just one short break. Children tend to spend late June and all of July in summer camps of which there are MANY, just mornings, all day, stay overnight and secondary aged children even go away to camps in the south of France or Portugal or other parts of Spain for a week or longer. Otherwise they're with extended family, childminders or nannies. Often children will go to their grandparents to cooler parts of the country while parents stay in the cities to work in July, coming to visit the children at weekends (it's very typical to have a family house somewhere near a beach or in the mountains or countryside). In August, as much as possible, everyone is off work, although most couples I know arrange it so that they each take 2 different weeks off and then spend all of the weekends together as a family. Often people are working remotely too.
In general, the Spanish people I know and know of tend to go on holiday within Spain (or Portugal or south of France) and there are very good road and rail links so it's possible to be working in Madrid all week then get to where your family is in a cooler area or at the beach within 3 hours or so on a Friday afternoon, then return late on a Sunday or even at dawn on Monday.
All in all, grandparents and extended family are HEAVILY relied on. It's also quite typical to have a part-time housekeeper/nanny who fills in for all those bits of the day when parents aren't around (e.g. between school pick-up and returning from work). Summer camps are the norm for July, and I'd say employers are generally more geared towards the needs of parents.
Hope this is helpful.