"A child who is struggling in any way can be considered to have "additional" needs?"
I don't think they can, the Youth Centre that my DD uses is in Norris Green, a area with has drug, gun, gang problems, a lot if the kids suffer from not having the level of parenting that the children just 10 mins away have (private estates), as well as income.
Their needs are not additional, they are fundamental.
The Youth Club has kept going because Disabled Chidren attend, they can tap into funding. This was cut when we had a change In Government. It kept going because if a donation from CIN, it has featured on a few Television Make Over shows, as well.
I think that there should be a difference given to the problems that can be solved by the Carers of children, in fundamental terms and those that can't.
I think it's important to keep the discussion focused on the UK and the problems that can be overcome within that generations childhood, tbh, otherwise it all becomes hypothetical and meanwhile children reach adulthood without the support they need.