Sorry for intruding on your thread
Thought that I could shed some light on the FAS/facial features thing for you Italian +anyone else who is interested :)
There are several conditions which can be caused by alcohol exposure in utero.
'Foetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders' is the blanket term for every condition caused by alcohol exposure, of which FAS is only one.
One of the diagnostic criteria for FAS is the facial features - smooth philtrum, thin upper lip, short palpebral fissures (eye slits) are 3 of the main ones. A child will not be diangosed with Foetal Alcohol Syndrome unless they are showing some facial features. That said, as a child gets older and their face changes, their facial features can become much less noticeable, and as with all things, it's a spectrum of abnormalities, and some children with FAS's facial features will show much more strongly than other children
However, a child can be affected very strongly by alcohol exposure and not develop facial features of this. This is because the eyes, face, lips etc only form during certain weeks/days of pregnancy and every foetus is individual - so the timing of the alcohol consumption is very important with regard to what will happen to the child later.
If a child has many symptoms of foetal alcohol exposure but no facial features, they will not be diangosed with FAS but with something else, eg. FASD, ARND, ARBD. I've seen the current diagnostic criteria the USA are using for each disorder but can't find which ones the UK are using which is slightly annoying.
Just because a child has no facial features, and hence, doesn't have 'full' FAS, doesn't mean that they have 'got off lightly' as it were. A child with FAS may actually have a higher IQ, less behaviour problems and fewer neurological deficits than a child without facial features (who has FASD or ARND)
If a child doesn't have physical problems related to alcohol exposure (eg. the facial features, heart problems, kidney problems etc) then you may not know they have been affected by alcohol until they are well out of baby stage - problems with learning, executive functioning, judgement, understanding causes/consequences, behaviour, social skills are all common with FASD/FAS and may be mild or may be very significant problems (and everything in between) but may well not show up until school age.