It's very difficult to compare pensions across countries because there are as many variations as there are with healthcare systems.
In almost every country in Europe apart from the UK and the Netherlands, the state pension has a substantial earnings-related component. (The UK had the SERPS scheme that tried to do something like this, but it was abolished in 2002.)
Also, many countries have very high participation in private pensions, either workplace-based or purely private. This is encouraged by having the premiums be fully tax-deductible, especially since these countries often have very high marginal tax rates from quite low earnings. UK income tax is relatively low on incomes below £50k, so the incentive to save into a pension is reduced — you only get 20% tax relief and that may not cover the perceived cost of locking your money away for 30+ years in a high-charge pension scheme.
As a PP noted, very few people in other (northern) European countries rely on the state pension. There seems to be a historic reluctance in the UK to consider alternatives (at least, for a substantial part of the population). Some people maybe imagine that their house will be their pension pot, but it gets complicated when you have to turn that into cash or an annuity.