In the state where I live, you have to pass drivers ed in order to get your high school diploma.
Lessons take place during PE periods, and the driving teachers also teach PE. First semester students are those sophomores with autumn and winter birthdays, and second semester students are those with spring and summer birthdays.
The local HS has a fleet of drivers ed cars and also a driving simulation lab. Each car contains three students and a teacher. Students drive for a bit and then switch places so everyone gets a chance to drive during each class. Students must also practice in the family car on evenings and weekends. Part of the paperwork each student brings to the DMV on completion of the drivers ed course includes a log of 50 hours of driving with a qualified driver in all sorts of road, light, and weather conditions.
There are always more students than places in drivers ed, so the school doesn't let students take the course if they fail the state written exam, which they have to study for and which is taken in the first week of the semester, or if their parents fail to show up for a mandatory evening drivers ed meeting, or if they don't bring required paperwork (birth cert and consent document signed by parents) to school by a deadline. Students who are excluded have to take private lessons at their own expense.
The lessons take the entire semester, with daily theory, simulator, or in-car practice. There is theory homework, based on a state issued textbook. As the weeks progress, student cars travel further from the school onto busier and busier streets, culminating in driving on the highway. People driving near the high school take their lives in their hands in the first two weeks of each semester...
The driving test is done by the drivers ed teacher, with the final grade consisting mainly of driving performance, but with elements of simulator and theory work too. You take your paperwork to the DMV after passing the test at the end of the semester, and there you can be spot tested in the car your mother drives you to the DMV in. DS got spot tested and passed. This is how the DMV does quality control too.