Okay. Maybe 'extremely important' is pushing it, but it bugs me every time I see a picture of it and now I can't rest until I know, because I'm a big nerd who needs to know these things, and also because I think it's pretty.
In very old houses with ceilings that are open to the beams sometimes the space between these beams is filled with lots of little lats of wood, as in the (hopefully) attached picture.
Does this have a name?!