In a motion put to parliament, Tory leader Russell Findlay said the government had "failed to give sufficient clarity to the public sector" about ensuring the availability of single-sex spaces for women and girls.
Findlay said a lack of such provision had seen some women subjected to "horrific incidents of sexual abuse and harassment" and called on ministers to issue a directive to public bodies on the matter.
Green MSP Maggie Chapman said Findlay's party was "deeply, tragically and bitterly wrong", calling the motion wrong "legally and practically".
Citing the US president, she said the "cruelty" of Donald Trump had "excited and emboldened the trans misogynists" elsewhere in the world and called on the Scottish Parliament to reject the motion.
The SNP's Emma Harper accused the Tories of attempting to "distract people from their record on equality for women and girls in our country", including the imposition of the so-called rape clause and two-child cap by Conservative ministers in London.
She said single-sex spaces were "provided legally under the Equality Act" and a "complex area of law" could not produce "easy answers or actions that will fit in a soundbite".
Labour depute leader Jackie Baillie said women "should have the right to access single-sex changing rooms", and colleague Pauline McNeill said practice had "gone beyond the law" at some agencies, with self-ID used despite the veto to the GRR Bill.
MSPs backed an amendment by Somerville which changed Findlay's motion away from its original intention, deleting the call for the urgent provision of guidance and agreement that safety, dignity and privacy had been jeopardised, and instead backing an amended text which "notes that the Scottish Government fully upholds the Equality Act 2010, and requires all public bodies to comply with the law, and welcomes the role of the Equalities and Human Rights Commission in providing codes of practice and guidance".
The vote was carried by MSPs by 61 votes to 31, with 20 abstentions.
Not the whole text https://www.holyrood.com/news/view,ministers-jeered-as-msps-vote-on-singlesex-spaces
Are the 20 non voters a sign that they want to support sex based rights but dont want it known?
Or just couldn't be bothered as the motion had been butchered by the Government?