Where I work, we have insurance, which, after a big excess, will pay for an ET. However, this is only if we haven't fucked up. But I work in a SME.
Even when we know have done everything by the book and can robustly defend ourselves, I would prefer to settle if possible.
I have had senior people say to me, 'but we shouldn't let them win' or 'they don't deserve anything'. But the truth is no one really wins at tribunal. It is soul destroying, Everyone, on both sides, are scrutinised within an inch of their life and it is stressful and upsetting.
Because the process takes so long, it hangs over everyone's heads for years on both sides.
Whilst once, employers could represent themselves, they can't really because the legal element is too complex. Many claimants self represent, and that means they are not getting good advice and it takes up court time and pushes up legal bills, because the case management stuff is more difficult
No matter what the outcome, there are huge legal fees. Even if paid by the insurance, premiums will go up
Then there is the reputation al damage, both for the organisation and individuals. Think about the Stonewall employee who had their support dog.
It really is brutal. In my view organisations like the OU should defend pragmatically. It is madness for organisations to take an ideological stand on these matters. Or take a vindictive stande, I.e., let's push up costs by introducing loads of witnesses.