I responded to a question about this book a few weeks ago at some length - I've now turned this into a review.
2025 #3
John Fowles, The French Lieutenant's Woman
Read 24.11.24 to 04.01.25, reviewed 04.02.25
I had a memory of reading and enjoying this novel many years ago, perhaps in my teens, but discovered that I remembered very little about it.
I was expecting a straightforward historical novel, a story set entirely in a very different time from when it was it was written. Actually this is a very 20th century novel, with a 1960s author-narrator telling a story set in 1867. He continually interrupts his story to comment on and discuss his characters, their actions, attitudes and values, and those of the Victorian society they live in.
Charles is an educated gentleman, preparing to meet social expectations of a man of his class, planning to marry Ernestina, daughter of a wealthy businessman. He becomes curious about Sarah, a servant and former governess with a mysterious but probably scandalous back story, nicknamed "the French lieutenant's woman", and a habit of walking along the cliffs in Lyme Regis, looking out to sea.
I am quite intrigued that Fowles claimed to be a feminist and that it was debated as a feminist novel. There is a lot for feminists to discuss here but all female characters (and nearly all characters) are seen through the eyes of the author-narrator whose story is in turn filtered through the view of his gentleman protagonist Charles.
The novel is packed with Victorian cultural and literary references, including Charles Darwin (whose theories of evolution were considered quite shocking in his time), Thomas Hardy, William Thackeray, Matthew Arnold and Gabriel Dante Rossetti.
This is not quite the Victorian love story that I expected, but something enjoyably odd and thought provoking, with many digressions and rabbit holes, including alternative storylines presented by the narrator.
A film was made of this novel in 1981, with a screenplay by Harold Pinter, and my Vintage Classics copy includes the writer's afterword on the difficulties of adaptation.