The Government research into the so-called "nappy curriculum", which covers children in reception classes, found boys are falling behind girls in their educational development before they start primary school.
The widest gaps between the sexes were in writing but girls also perform better in using their imagination in art, design and story telling.
In comparison, boys are better at building and constructing and learning how simple, everyday technology works.
The statistics, published by the Department for Children, Schools and Families (DCSF), showed how many five-year-olds were reaching specific early learning "goals" in the Early Years Foundation Stage,
The results were based on a sample of 230,000 children aged five in England (around 42 per cent of the total) at the end of the "foundation stage" of their education last year.
It found three in 10 boys have trouble reciting the alphabet, while nearly one in five cannot count to 10, compared with only 23 per cent and 15 per cent respectively among girls.
While three in four girls (74 per cent ) could write a simple shopping list, or a letter to Santa, only half of boys (54 per cent) could do so at the same age.
The results, also showed almost eight in 10 girls could hold a pencil by the age of five, compared to about six in 10 boys.
The study was taken before the Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS) became compulsory last September.