Would this tax make people less prepared to invest in upcoming areas
Hell, no. Like many up-and-coming young people of the 1980s, I made loadsamoney by buying sad London properties in 'gritty' areas with good transport links and improving them. Other people were doing the same, so the areas got gentrified/yuppified to meet the needs of people like us.
Not everyone wants to take that risk or do that work. The more cautious buyers with more money to spend bought from us - we had, collectively, turned the areas into places that would serve their needs immediately. We moved on to other sad properties, one or two stops along the line, and did it again.
This is the story with any investment. There are those who accept bigger risks for better potential returns, and those who can afford to accept less dramatic yields with slower, more reliable growth.
If you're interested, I pushed my luck in the end and went bust. I was over-extended, prices were stagnant and I couldn't weather it out because everything else in my life had gone wrong. Such is the danger of putting your all into a single, highly leveraged investment. I own nothing - and it's given me a strongly pragmatic overview.
My pension was embezzled (twice), as well. The more sensible thing is to invest across a range of vehicles, not just your home and not entrusting your future to a single management entity. You will find that the beautiful young people who bought our beautifully-renovated homes in our delightfully up-marketed areas (courtesy of their fathers, no doubt) also have a financial portfolio. Capital is capital, whether you live in it or not.
If I could advise my 24-year-old self, she wouldn't listen anyway! I'd be suggesting she buy an equally sad flat four stops further out of town, do the work, and wait. I'd say that, having a now much smaller mortgage to keep up (I was on 13.9% interest then, every thousand mattered), she should pay the difference into at least two separate managed funds ... and wait. Life would've been somewhat less exciting, but I'd have ended up well cushioned against reversals. And well placed to meet any taxes due.
This is just the first comparison chart I found. There would be better ones. Bear in mind you don't take out an enormous fucking loan to buy shares, you just pay in monthly and your investment quietly grows. Your payments are all investment, not interest.