Another Mormon here, been a member of the church about 17 years now. There's a lot of false 'information' about the church out there. Check out mormon.org or lds.org for the facts. People get really hung up on strange things/ things that happened in the early history of the church/ details taken out of context, but some of the core values are here
My FIL was actually head of Public Affairs for the Europe West area of the church for ages. He summed up the key differences between Latter-Day Saints beliefs and other Christian denominations with the word FAR:
F = Families. We believe families are eternal, and are central to God's plan for our happiness. Family relationships are not 'til death do us part' but we can be with our families forever. This is the purpose of temples, to seal families together for eternity.
A = Answers. We believe we have the answers to many questions which worry people eg 'Who am I?' 'Why am I here?' 'Is there any purpose to life on earth' etc etc. Missionaries from the church or indeed members are happy to answer these questions and discuss questions further
R = Restoration. We believe this is the restored church of Jesus Christ. After Jesus died and was resurrected, gradually bits of the gospel and important truths were lost. Through modern-day revelation, God has restored the gospel as it was when Christ was on the earth. Revelation continues, on a world-wide scale through a prophet but also we can receive individual revelation and guidance to help us and our families in our lives.
Essentially we believe that God is our Heavenly Father, and like any parent He wants His children to be happy and live with Him, in His presence, with our families, forever. He wants us to make the decisions that will allow us to return to live with Him after this life. We are commanded in the Bible 'Be ye therefore perfect, even as your Father which is in heaven is perfect'. However we all make mistakes, so how can we live in God?s perfect kingdom if we are imperfect? God knows this and hence provided a Saviour for us and a way to repent and return to live with Him again. The point of the church is to enable us to live according to God's plan for us.
Sorry for the long post, but if you have any other questions or want me to expand on things, do ask! (Am off to bed right now though so won't see messages until tomorrow!) :)