SenoraGruesomeCatastrophe - I like your idea of charging packaging/food companies.
In answer to the recyclables thing. Right now, here we have to take glass to the bottle bank ourselves - ours is only a mile away so we walk and carry it (excellent exercise and stops us being complete lushes!)
This is because glass recycling is covered by our district council (for the county), and paper by our local council (for the town). Currently the former is paid for apparently by central govt and does not form part of our council tax.
However this may change because it's less cost effective theses days as the cost of moving the glass and melting it down has gone up and the value of the recycled glass has gone down (still with me - this is very dull).
Similarly the cost of recycling paper and card and plastic has gone up - simply put our recycling facilities can't cope with the amount we are recycling so we have to export it (or in some cases just ship it to Asia to be dumped ).
We have had our rubbish collected fortnightly now for two years to 'encourage recycling' and have the refuse collection broken down in our council tax bill. This has gone up 12% year on year and unsurprisingly, increased following the introduction of collection of garden waste in the third bin (it's like bin city round here - we have three bins, plus four boxes, mostly empty). by an extra 5%.
So here, we are paying to recycle, and obviously it's not free. Someone has to pay to take the stuff away and stick it on that ship to the Philippines to create a pollution issue over there (sorry to be flippant but it just makes me mad ). That someone will ultimately be the council tax payer, and those costs will have to be passed back as it gets more expensive to deal with both recyclable and unrecyclable waste. IMHO obviously, I'm just an armchair economist
Personally I think it we all stopped buying so much crap, we'd cut the problem down considerably. Apparently a third of all food is thrown away in this country! That's a hell of a lot of wheelie bins full!