I was looking at these scores for a couple of local authorities close to me.
I came across Broadoak in Trafford. Trafford has a grammar school system that takes off all the best students before you start and there's been some issues in recent years from parents who haven't passed the 11+, who have then applied for other schools in Trafford but failed to get a place because, everywhere is so over subscribed, being allocated Broadoak. It's managed to get itself the reputation as the school you REALLY didn't want to allocated in this situation.
It gets 28.3% Grade 5 or above in English and Maths. (Broken down by sex boys do better with 30.4% compared to the girls 26.3%)
This really doesn't tell the whole story though. It has a rate of 27.2% persistent absence, 22.71% needing SEN support, 19.8% whose first language isn't English and 52.38% eligible for school dinners.
And looking further, when you look at just those classified as deprived, only 8.2% get grade 5 or above. Strikingly though when you look at just those with English as an additional language 64.5% get grade 5 or above.
In other words the defining factor was effectively economic status at Broadoak.
You then compare with the top grammar schools in Trafford, Alty Girls and Alty Boys. The girls has 99.5% Grade 5 and above and the boys 98%. Persistent absence - 10.9% and 14.3%, SEN support 5.2% and 7.6%, English as an additional language 25.4% and 48.8% and free school meal provision 6.28% and 5.72% respectively for each for girls and boys schools.
100% of the deprived kids at both the girls and boys grammars get grade 5 and above.
The contrast in the outcomes for those on free school meals in Trafford is absolutely shocking - more so than simply the headline figure that Broadoak seems to show with only 28.3% getting the Grade 5 or above. It's pretty much if you are on free school meals in Trafford if you fail the 11+ what actually is the point in even turning up for school at Broadoak??? It's difficult to argue to the contrary looking at the figures. It is truly appalling.
This pattern is repeated in areas where there aren't grammars schools, albeit it to a slightly less significant degree (though not much better)
GCSEs really are doing nothing for these kids apart from frame them as failures and the insistent on everyone doing them doesn't help these kids and society as a whole. They genuinely would be better not sitting the exams and instead being given practical training from a young age. When people talk about wanting to cut benefits etc if you aren't looking at the figures here, then you aren't doing your fucking job. Arguably we should be looking at a wholesale rethink of the entire educational system. No wonder we have huge rates of depression and stress in young people.
My point being, that not only should you be looking at the headline numbers but you should also really look at some of the other details in the government data.