heverhoney1.....I don't think there is necessarily a backlash against women choosing an epidural....it certainly has a place in obstetrics, I think some people become concerned when it is chosen without full knowledge of the potential risks or that there are a good number of alternatives that could be tried first in many cases.
Yes, it increases the possibility of other interventions...those inturn increase the possibility of more and thus they all increase risk to baby and mother. The risks to mother or the labour can result in concern for baby. For example, drop in blood pressure, which is why you have an IV going with an epidural, can effect baby's heartrate. Epidural increases the risk of c-section which of course increases risk just from it being major surgery. Most practioners won't see serious or long term effects from an epidural, or they may see only a handful during their career, but they are possible....personally, I've known three. In 18 years of practicing that is a very small percentage, but that doesn't matter to those women and their families.
While it is true some other pain relief choices may have a greater risk to baby, epidurals have long been touted as not having any direct risk to baby, but some paeds don't agree and studies have been or are being done.
If a woman goes in knowing that if I chose "A" that "B" and "C" might become necessary and they are ok with that, then fine. If they have had other pain relief options explained and suggested to them, but they feel they aren't providing the relief they are looking for, then fine. As long as they are aware of what options they have, and the potential risks as well as benefits with an epidural they are making an informed choice.
The choice can be determined by the woman's pain threshold, the level of support she is receiving from those around her, what is happening in her labour, her own views on how she would like her birth to go, past experiences or hearing the experiences of others...good or bad, her level of preparation for labour and birth, etc..
Some women are fine with the possible risks....other women don't want to take any chances, however small most might be.