I was in academia. 3 degrees including a PhD. Postdoctoral research in public sector, then private R&D. Dozens of papers. Hundreds of citations.
As I approached the age of 30, I realised the not very bright kids I'd been at school with were getting paid far more than me (those who'd gone into teaching were making about 30% more, those who'd gone into construction, double), owned their own homes, had pension schemes, could afford to go on holiday.
After a decade of working my guts out, I was heartily sick of being poor. I know poor is relative - I wasn't in debt and didn't need to use a foodbank. But I couldn't get a mortgage, couldn't afford to start a family, had been on one foreign holiday in my 20's, and it seemed I faced a lifetime of living in rented accommodation, being flat broke at the end of the month, eating a largely vegetarian diet not out of choice but because meat was too expensive, and looking forward to penury in old age.
I changed field and went private/commercial. My salary doubled immediately, and doubled again within a few years.
My Phd supervisor who had started his career in the 60's had a nice detached house a couple of miles from the uni, and a second home on the coast. He couldn't understand why I left academia.
After 15 years or so, I looked at going back to academia as a senior lecturer. I realised I would have a similar "R&D" workload to my private sector position and a significant further teaching workload, all for about a fifth of what I was making in the private sector.
In terms of insultingly poor pay for years of training and specialist expertise nothing beats UK academia, though maybe classical music comes close.