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Feminism: Sex and gender discussions

"A Queer History of the United States for Young People" by Michael Bronski: people who don't fit into the molds society forces on them are queer

152 replies

YankSplaining · 13/10/2026 23:06

I'm an American in the US (see username), and I saw this book on display at the local public library. I figured I'd probably have some disagreements with it re: gender and transgender issues, but I was not expecting to find out that disguising yourself as a man, to go to war in 1781, made you "queer."

Deborah Sampson was a woman during the American Revolution who disguised herself as a man to go fight the British. She's one of those figures that lots of little girls find inspiring when they learn about the Revolutionary War in American schools. So, here's this book, talking about Deborah Sampson:

"When it came to gender and relationships, many of America's founding fathers and mothers behaved in ways that were outside the mainstream. As we've seen, gender and sexuality are not the same. After serving in the army as a man, Deborah Sampson married a man and had children and lived as a woman. There is no evidence that she had homosexual relationships.

"The terms we use for LGBTQ people did not exist back in 1781. If we had to choose a word to describe Deborah Sampson, we might choose 'queer.' This term is used today with pride as an umbrella term for anyone who does not fit into mainstream rules about sexuality or gender.

"Deborah Sampson never heard the word 'queer' used that way, nor did anyone else at the time. However, there is value in using it to describe her, because it helps us understand that throughout history there have been people who did not fit into the molds society tried to force them into. Deborah Sampson was one of those people, and in that sense, she was certainly queer."

Talk about trying to force someone into a mold! This is clearly a woman who considered herself a woman, but no, now she's got to be queer, because other women all fit into mainstream rules about sexuality or gender. Other women all fit into the molds society tries to force them into. You can be a female stereotype, or you can be queer. These are the rules, apparently.

I know American soldiers in the Revolution might not be high on the list of people whose historical reputations Mumsnetters care about, but this was the most likely-to-be-sympathetic forum I could think of in which to rant.

OP posts:
KaleidoscopeSmile · 14/10/2026 14:38

Choppingwoodcarryingwater · 14/10/2026 11:17

It begs the question can you do what she did and still be a woman? What if she wore a dress?

Back then? She'd still be 'queer' which is an umbrella term euphemism for non conforming. Today no. Because patterns in terms of women in the work place have normalised as has feminine aesthetic. Presentation at the more 'butch' end of the spectrum a la Kathleen Stock/Judith Butler? Although it's more common it's a long way from the norm. So you do the social constructionism 'queer' math.

"'queer' which is an umbrella term euphemism for non conforming."

No it fucking isn't. People have been trying to get activists to say EXACTLY what they mean by "queer" for ages without any success and you come along and say that it's simply someone who's non-conforming, like they'd all missed it somehow?

Not a chance mate.

MrsDanversGlidesAgain · 14/10/2026 14:26

after the failure of the 1754 rebellion

Should be 1745.

MrsDanversGlidesAgain · 14/10/2026 14:24

Back then? She'd still be 'queer' which is an umbrella term euphemism for non conforming. Today no.

That's today. Not when Deborah Bottomley was alive. You are STILL imposing 21c terms on 18c behaviour. Stop it.

edited for meaning

YankSplaining · 14/10/2026 14:23

MrsDanversGlidesAgain · 14/10/2026 14:17

The OP is saying she objects to Deborah Sampson being labelled with a description that did not exist in her time and does not explain what she did. I am with the OP for this is moral anachronism and presentism, both of which are improper to use of people in the past.

You could with just as much justification (ie none) describe Bonny Prince Charlie as queer because he escaped from Scotland dressed as a woman after the failure of the 1754 rebellion - and for the same reason as Deborah Bottomley, to escape detection.

Wasn’t Prince Philip smuggled out of Greece in an orange crate as a baby? Maybe he should be regarded as a trans-species member of the citrus community. 😂

OP posts:
ThePM · 14/10/2026 14:18

Choppingwoodcarryingwater · 14/10/2026 11:17

It begs the question can you do what she did and still be a woman? What if she wore a dress?

Back then? She'd still be 'queer' which is an umbrella term euphemism for non conforming. Today no. Because patterns in terms of women in the work place have normalised as has feminine aesthetic. Presentation at the more 'butch' end of the spectrum a la Kathleen Stock/Judith Butler? Although it's more common it's a long way from the norm. So you do the social constructionism 'queer' math.

Is that a long winded version of “Yes, we can change the goalposts at will, and retroactively”?

It seems to me that it doesn’t require a lot of thought to ask oneself “Was Lady Astor queer/queering parliament when she was walked into the House of Commons?” or “Those mathematicians at NASA, can we validly queer them retroactively and what if the living ones disagree?” It does seem that you find being a maverick or a pioneer incompatible with being a woman, and are rather closing down the options one has available to women.

Going a bit further it seems that you are unwilling to critically assess your own framework and to think about whether the results it spits out are valid or absolute nonsense.

MrsDanversGlidesAgain · 14/10/2026 14:17

The OP is saying she objects to Deborah Sampson being labelled with a description that did not exist in her time and does not explain what she did. I am with the OP for this is moral anachronism and presentism, both of which are improper to use of people in the past.

You could with just as much justification (ie none) describe Bonny Prince Charlie as queer because he escaped from Scotland dressed as a woman after the failure of the 1754 rebellion - and for the same reason as Deborah Bottomley, to escape detection.

MrsDanversGlidesAgain · 14/10/2026 14:12

Grammarnut · 14/10/2026 14:07

Probably made it up. It has no scientific basis whatsoever. Gobledegook flatters it.

I posted that text into AI and asked where it came from and it returned this

The text is a modern educational summary explaining the "predictive brain" theory of social bias. It synthesizes classic cognitive schema theories with modern empirical data—specifically the 2017 findings from NYU/Journal of Experimental Psychology showing that high-level pattern tracking is the catalyst that transforms real-world observation into rigid social stereotyping.

The specific link between "detecting statistical regularities" (pattern recognition) and the automatic generation of stereotypes was prominently established in a landmark 2017 study co-authored by researchers David Lick and Jonathan Freeman.

What the link is between the original post and queering dead women is has me stumped, though, probably because the person posting it is using so much pseudo scientific jargon their points are incomprehensible.

nicepotoftea · 14/10/2026 14:08

CrystalSingerFan · 14/10/2026 13:04

Reverse polarity!

This does indeed seem to be an attempt to reverse the polarity.

Goodbye Gay rights.

Hello Queer rights for anyone who is 'odd'. Which includes everyone and means absolutely nothing.

YankSplaining · 14/10/2026 14:07

Grammarnut · 14/10/2026 14:01

OP is not confused, she is pointing out that saying Deborah Sampson had what were generally unconventional interests for her time in that she was so passionate about the American revolution that she enlisted to fight has nothing to do with queer theory. To do that Sampson had to disguise herself as a man (probably as a young boy, but I don't know the story so cannot be sure about this). This is not queer in any sense of the word, but an entirely normal and known phenomenon ('James' Barrie, a doctor, and Mary Bonnie, a pirate, are other examples, though I don't think that Bonnie disguised herself). Both Barrie and Bonnie knew they were women but wanted to do things that women mostly did not do in their society. Their position in life allowed them to make this choice, unavailable to women in other strata. Other women also made unconventional choices, for example Sarah Ponsonby and Elinor Butler, who lived together privately as a couple, able to ignore scandal because of their social class and access to personal money. Hester Stanhope, who had been William Pitt's secretary and hostess, left Britain in 1810 to explore the Middle East and died in what is now Lebanon in 1839. These women cast aside the norms of their sex and class but they were not 'queer' in any sense meant by modern day writers (though Ponsonby and Butler were clearly same sex attracted).
Not sure what you mean by this: Categorising gender non conforming people as 'queer' isn't saying gendered categories should exist but that they do regardless of their stereotyping.
No-one has suggested that 'queer' means that gendered categories should exist or that they do regardless of their stereotyping. A stereotype exists because it is observably common, but it is still a social construct and many will not conform to it. E.g. sci-fi is often considered something teenage boys read - which accounts for some of the puerile narratives, I suppose - but women also enjoy, and write science fiction, some subverting the 'teenage boy' type narratives (UK le Guin) others subverting them to feminine (not feminist) narratives (McCaffrey). Some are able to think out of their time - le Guin somewhat except in 'Always Coming Home' which is horribly into the narrative of peaceful, earth-centred indigenous peoples - others don't - McCaffrey, who has a lamentable habit of having women do the sewing and the cooking even in stories where women are highly qualified scientists, dragonriders or high-born princesses (she might be right about princesses in some times, Catherine of Aragon made Henry VIII's shirts).
So what are you saying?
The OP is saying she objects to Deborah Sampson being labelled with a description that did not exist in her time and does not explain what she did. I am with the OP for this is moral anachronism and presentism, both of which are improper to use of people in the past.

Edited

Deborah Sampson was an unusually tall woman of around five-foot-nine, so she passed as a young male adult soldier.

Thanks for writing such a long and well-worded explanation of where I’m coming from. 🙂

OP posts:
Grammarnut · 14/10/2026 14:07

Imdunfer · 14/10/2026 14:03

That isn't science that is ridiculously oversimplified pseudo-scientific gumf about how the brain functions.

I've done a search for it and I can't find it the source. Did you make it up yourself?

Probably made it up. It has no scientific basis whatsoever. Gobledegook flatters it.

TheywontletmehavethenameIwant · 14/10/2026 14:07

Choppingwoodcarryingwater · 14/10/2026 12:18

Owwwww my brain hurtz…..

If you have a brain then why don't you start using it.

Imdunfer · 14/10/2026 14:03

Choppingwoodcarryingwater · 14/10/2026 09:22

The science begs to differ:

The Cognitive Mechanism Of Stereotypes

Detecting Statistical Regularities: Pattern recognition is a core component of human intelligence that helps people notice recurring traits, roles, or behaviours in their environment.
Categorization: When the brain identifies a cluster of traits shared by a group of people, it groups them into a single category.
Generalization: The brain then applies those observed patterns to every individual belonging to that group, turning a statistical trend into a rigid stereotype.

Edited

That isn't science that is ridiculously oversimplified pseudo-scientific gumf about how the brain functions.

I've done a search for it and I can't find it the source. Did you make it up yourself?

Grammarnut · 14/10/2026 14:01

Choppingwoodcarryingwater · 14/10/2026 00:19

I suspect your'e confusion here is the denial that socially constructed gendered categories are descriptivist not prescriptivist. Categorising gender non conforming people as 'queer' isn't saying gendered categories should exist but that they do regardless of their stereotyping.

OP is not confused, she is pointing out that saying Deborah Sampson had what were generally unconventional interests for her time in that she was so passionate about the American revolution that she enlisted to fight has nothing to do with queer theory. To do that Sampson had to disguise herself as a man (probably as a young boy, but I don't know the story so cannot be sure about this). This is not queer in any sense of the word, but an entirely normal and known phenomenon ('James' Barrie, a doctor, and Mary Bonnie, a pirate, are other examples, though I don't think that Bonnie disguised herself). Both Barrie and Bonnie knew they were women but wanted to do things that women mostly did not do in their society. Their position in life allowed them to make this choice, unavailable to women in other strata. Other women also made unconventional choices, for example Sarah Ponsonby and Elinor Butler, who lived together privately as a couple, able to ignore scandal because of their social class and access to personal money. Hester Stanhope, who had been William Pitt's secretary and hostess, left Britain in 1810 to explore the Middle East and died in what is now Lebanon in 1839. These women cast aside the norms of their sex and class but they were not 'queer' in any sense meant by modern day writers (though Ponsonby and Butler were clearly same sex attracted).
Not sure what you mean by this: Categorising gender non conforming people as 'queer' isn't saying gendered categories should exist but that they do regardless of their stereotyping.
No-one has suggested that 'queer' means that gendered categories should exist or that they do regardless of their stereotyping. A stereotype exists because it is observably common, but it is still a social construct and many will not conform to it. E.g. sci-fi is often considered something teenage boys read - which accounts for some of the puerile narratives, I suppose - but women also enjoy, and write science fiction, some subverting the 'teenage boy' type narratives (UK le Guin) others subverting them to feminine (not feminist) narratives (McCaffrey). Some are able to think out of their time - le Guin somewhat except in 'Always Coming Home' which is horribly into the narrative of peaceful, earth-centred indigenous peoples - others don't - McCaffrey, who has a lamentable habit of having women do the sewing and the cooking even in stories where women are highly qualified scientists, dragonriders or high-born princesses (she might be right about princesses in some times, Catherine of Aragon made Henry VIII's shirts).
So what are you saying?
The OP is saying she objects to Deborah Sampson being labelled with a description that did not exist in her time and does not explain what she did. I am with the OP for this is moral anachronism and presentism, both of which are improper to use of people in the past.

MrsDanversGlidesAgain · 14/10/2026 13:57

I'm sorry this makes no sense

None of that poster makes any sense, it's random words thrown into cyberspace

Imdunfer · 14/10/2026 13:56

Choppingwoodcarryingwater · 14/10/2026 11:22

I do not accept that this is universally accepted, I don't even agree that it is the majority view.

Wherever the pattern goes, so too does the majority view. Such is the law of pattern recognition. If it didn’t we wouldn't still be talking about sex stereotypes.

Edited

I'm sorry this makes no sense. There is no "law of pattern recognition". What you even mean by "the pattern" is unclear. The majority does not always follow an emerging trend.

We're talking about sex stereotypes because the trans lobby keep dragging us back there because the only way that they can sustain their argument that men can become women is by reference to sex stereotypes.

They are dragging women backwards in time.

YankSplaining · 14/10/2026 13:42

Choppingwoodcarryingwater · 14/10/2026 00:19

I suspect your'e confusion here is the denial that socially constructed gendered categories are descriptivist not prescriptivist. Categorising gender non conforming people as 'queer' isn't saying gendered categories should exist but that they do regardless of their stereotyping.

I’m not confused about anything. “Queer,” when used beyond the original meaning of “odd or strange,” began as a homophobic slur that was later “reclaimed” by some (stress on “some”) LGB people. Then it started being an umbrella term for LGBT, and now it applies to anyone who’s not a sexual stereotype.

No wonder the idea of “gays recruiting children” has had such a strong resurgence in the US in the last few years. “Oh, you’re a girl who hates skirts and dresses? You want to go as Batman for Halloween, not Wonder Woman? Well, you see, that’s what we today call ‘queer.’ Now you get to be part of the queer community and probably get your own special flag!”

This gets even stupider in the context of women who disguised themselves as men because of historical misogyny. It makes about as much sense as claiming black people who actively passed as white during segregation as “trans-racial.”

OP posts:
CrystalSingerFan · 14/10/2026 13:04

TheywontletmehavethenameIwant · 14/10/2026 08:42

Try sending it to Google through the 5th dimension, but don't forget to press the Big Red Button first, if you don't engage the Flux Capacitor you could destroy the Universe.

Reverse polarity!

thirdfiddle · 14/10/2026 13:00

Let me spell it out:

Anyone who has a brain cell independent of the society they live in is "queer"
So we are supposed to see "Queer" as a good thing to be

People who break societal rules that exist for keeping people safe are also labelled "queer". Public fetish, age inappropriate communications to children, no single sex spaces for women, and far worse things.

The suspicion obviously being that "queer" is trying to sneak the very bad things in under cover of the positives. A sort of forced-teaming between positive things like women standing up against oppression, completely run of the mill things like mildly stereotype non-conforming clothing, and things that are and should remain criminal. Whose interests is it in to lump all of that together? The criminals.

MrsDanversGlidesAgain · 14/10/2026 12:41

This widening of the concept of 'Queer' and 'LGBTQI++++" completely erases the meaning of language and makes it impossible to argue that any particular group needs specific protections or rights.

Isn't that the whole point? Lewis Carroll was ahead of his time with Humpty Dumpty. The ultimate aim, it seems, is to stop people talking about this altogether either because the words have no meaning at all or they don't have the meaning that has been adjudged correct

"A Queer History of the United States for Young People" by Michael Bronski: people who don't fit into the molds society forces on them are queer
nicepotoftea · 14/10/2026 12:41

ThePM · 14/10/2026 09:20

“gendered categories are descriptivist not prescriptivist”. That really is a thought terminating cliche which means “we can change the goalposts for what counts as gender non-conforming at will”.

In any case I’m trying to find a way of making your post make sense in the context of this woman’s life.

All I can come up with is “Because she behaved in a way which through today’s lens of the past we can label GNC, I will retroactively attach that label to her.”
It begs the question can you do what she did and still be a woman? What if she wore a dress?

"Oh but Miss Wollenstonecraft, you are just 'queer'. The other women are perfectly happy to be uneducated. I'm not being prescriptive, just descriptive".

To be fair, I can imagine this conversation.

MrsOvertonsWindow · 14/10/2026 12:41

nicepotoftea · 14/10/2026 12:34

However, there is value in using it to describe her, because it helps us understand that throughout history there have been people who did not fit into the molds society tried to force them into. Deborah Sampson was one of those people, and in that sense, she was certainly queer.

This widening of the concept of 'Queer' and 'LGBTQI++++" completely erases the meaning of language and makes it impossible to argue that any particular group needs specific protections or rights.

Obviously this is why many of us are so concerned about 'woman' and 'sex' and 'homosexual' losing meaning in legislation.

When it's applied to children you get to see the end point 😡

nicepotoftea · 14/10/2026 12:34

However, there is value in using it to describe her, because it helps us understand that throughout history there have been people who did not fit into the molds society tried to force them into. Deborah Sampson was one of those people, and in that sense, she was certainly queer.

This widening of the concept of 'Queer' and 'LGBTQI++++" completely erases the meaning of language and makes it impossible to argue that any particular group needs specific protections or rights.

Obviously this is why many of us are so concerned about 'woman' and 'sex' and 'homosexual' losing meaning in legislation.

lcakethereforeIam · 14/10/2026 12:33

So being queer is the human condition it'slike being nonbinary. Even more meaningless than I realised.

murasaki · 14/10/2026 12:30

nicepotoftea · 14/10/2026 12:25

So according to this book Emmeline Pankhurst was queer?

Are women who want to go to university in Afghanistan also queer?

Well they certainly can't identify out of the horrors visited on them, a fact that GI enthusiasts are remarkably quiet about.

nicepotoftea · 14/10/2026 12:25

So according to this book Emmeline Pankhurst was queer?

Are women who want to go to university in Afghanistan also queer?