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Feminism: Sex and gender discussions

Hilary Cass sent a document to every single MP and Peer, justifying and defending the puberty blockers trial

815 replies

SingleSexSpacesInSchools · 10/07/2026 13:28

https://x.com/JamesEsses/status/2075512549248745744?s=20

There are ten images on X, sorry can't add them all here, or upload a file with it all in.

James Esses (@JamesEsses) on X

🚨Breaking🚨 Last night, in what is significant overreach for a backbench Peer, Hilary Cass sent a document to every single MP and Peer, justifying and defending the puberty blockers trial. I have posted below the full document for people to read. He...

https://x.com/JamesEsses/status/2075512549248745744?s=20

OP posts:
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OldCrone · 12/07/2026 18:50

moto748e · 12/07/2026 18:22

Oh, and there was the revelation that the transed-at-2 child that Cass described in to MPs/lords (can’t remember which) was in fact a fictional amalgamation of “a number of children she had heard about.”

Say what now? That is not great from Cass either.

This is her speech in the HoL.

My Lords, I have spoken to my clinical colleagues about the issue of age at enrolment and they expect enrolment at 11 or 12 to be vanishingly rare. However, I ask noble Lords to consider the case of a child I will call Jo, who was a biological male socially transitioned at two and a half by his parents. At 11, she—I say this advisedly, because the chances of her reverting to her biological gender are vanishingly remote—has been in stealth and will not go to secondary school because she is so afraid of being outed in that environment. She is now refusing to come out of her room except very rarely and has weak bones, not as a result of puberty blockers but through inactivity. Should her subsequent treatment be decided by politicians or by the clinicians looking after her?

She certainly implies here that this is a real child. There's no indication that this is a fictional child. I don't know if this would be classed as misleading the house, but she wouldn't have had to change much to be clear and honest: I ask noble Lords to consider the case of a fictional child...

I do find it quite disturbing that Cass, a paediatrician, could present this case (fictional or not) seemingly without realising that she was describing an abused child.

OldCrone · 12/07/2026 18:31

noblegiraffe · 12/07/2026 18:02

Sure, but if they are abroad I'm not sure how much effective action can be taken.

And I'm not just including kids in the UK who are taking illegally procured drugs, I'm talking about all children globally, many of whom are being prescribed them perfectly legally. The ones on the trial would be a small subset of all of them.

The parents are unlikely to be abroad if the children are in the UK.

Are you really suggesting that British children should be sacrificed to save all those children in other countries with different laws? And that those countries will all step in line with whatever they find out in this trial? Words fail me.

And yes, this is a relatively small number of children, so the poisoning of children by their parents will still continue in this country illegally, unless steps are taken to enforce the law.

moto748e · 12/07/2026 18:22

Oh, and there was the revelation that the transed-at-2 child that Cass described in to MPs/lords (can’t remember which) was in fact a fictional amalgamation of “a number of children she had heard about.”

Say what now? That is not great from Cass either.

noblegiraffe · 12/07/2026 18:02

OldCrone · 12/07/2026 17:43

You have the opportunity to take a small subset of them, give them the drugs in an extremely controlled environment and at the same time get a whole load of data that could be used to evidence the lack of efficacy of the drug. OR you could just let all those kids take the drugs, no data be collected and fingers crossed hope they'll stop it soon.
Those are the two options as I see it.

There is a third option. The government could take steps to ensure that anyone who is found to be involved in supplying these drugs illegally to children is prosecuted. That includes all the quacks like Webberley and doctors at that clinic in Brighton, as well as any parents found to be illegally buying these drugs for their children.

These children aren't getting hold of these drugs on their own. The adults who should be protecting them, their parents and doctors, are supplying them illegally. The adults responsible for harming these children by supplying them with illegal drugs should be prosecuted.

Sure, but if they are abroad I'm not sure how much effective action can be taken.

And I'm not just including kids in the UK who are taking illegally procured drugs, I'm talking about all children globally, many of whom are being prescribed them perfectly legally. The ones on the trial would be a small subset of all of them.

OldCrone · 12/07/2026 17:58

OR you could just let all those kids take the drugs, no data be collected and fingers crossed hope they'll stop it soon.

Another point about this is that the Transhausen by proxy parents will still be getting these drugs illegally for their children if they are not selected for the trial. Given the large number of trans-identified children versus the 200 or so to be selected for the trial, there are likely to still be more taking them illegally than those who are poisoned legally under controlled conditions for the trial.

Proper steps need to be taken to enforce the total puberty blocker ban. The trial makes it look to parents and children as though the drugs aren't really that dangerous. If they were that bad then the NHS wouldn't be doing a trial, would they? It dilutes the message that these drugs are not safe for children.

OldCrone · 12/07/2026 17:43

noblegiraffe · 12/07/2026 16:53

This study will definitely produce better data than the Tavistock. If anyone is suggesting that a clinical trial would produce data as crappy as a clinic that was specifically criticised for its poor data keeping, then they can be safely ignored as someone who has no idea about clinical trials. Data management on clinical trials is extremely rigorous.

As for the idea that the participants could bias the trial by being super positive about outcomes - they cannot affect the outcome of bone density tests, MRIs, X-rays, blood tests, urinalysis, IQ tests and the rest of the battery of tests purely by the power of positive thinking. Qualitative data is always lower quality than quantitive.

As for 'poisoning 250 more children' (I don't think they'll recruit that many tbh), I more view it from the perspective of: you have a whole load of children worldwide who are being given these drugs. You have the opportunity to take a small subset of them, give them the drugs in an extremely controlled environment and at the same time get a whole load of data that could be used to evidence the lack of efficacy of the drug. OR you could just let all those kids take the drugs, no data be collected and fingers crossed hope they'll stop it soon.

Those are the two options as I see it.

You have the opportunity to take a small subset of them, give them the drugs in an extremely controlled environment and at the same time get a whole load of data that could be used to evidence the lack of efficacy of the drug. OR you could just let all those kids take the drugs, no data be collected and fingers crossed hope they'll stop it soon.
Those are the two options as I see it.

There is a third option. The government could take steps to ensure that anyone who is found to be involved in supplying these drugs illegally to children is prosecuted. That includes all the quacks like Webberley and doctors at that clinic in Brighton, as well as any parents found to be illegally buying these drugs for their children.

These children aren't getting hold of these drugs on their own. The adults who should be protecting them, their parents and doctors, are supplying them illegally. The adults responsible for harming these children by supplying them with illegal drugs should be prosecuted.

TwoLoonsAndASprout · 12/07/2026 17:43

@SingleSexSpacesInSchools, good summary.

I would add: there has also been a certain amount of discussion regarding Cass’s motivation for presenting the letter to MPs and lords, with some wondering if she has been threatened or in some way pressured, and others suggesting that her behaviour before the report that bears her name indicates she has always wanted to pursue this trial.

Oh, and there was the revelation that the transed-at-2 child that Cass described in to MPs/lords (can’t remember which) was in fact a fictional amalgamation of “a number of children she had heard about.”

SingleSexSpacesInSchools · 12/07/2026 17:21

I cannot see the wood for the tress in this 20 page chat. There is so much noise, it's really hard to see the big picture, have had to have it summarised for me again. Hope this is useful for some people.

There is actually quite a lot of common ground.

Almost everyone agrees that:
• The existing evidence for puberty blockers is very poor.
• The Tavistock failed to collect adequate long-term outcome data.
• Children experiencing serious distress need proper psychological and safeguarding support.
• Private, overseas and illegal access to blockers is a genuine problem.
• Better evidence and long-term follow-up are needed.

The disagreement is about whether this particular trial is an ethical or useful way to obtain that evidence.

Looking at distinct posters rather than simply counting posts, I would estimate that roughly 85 to 90% oppose the trial as currently proposed. Around 5 to 10% support it, with a small number being uncertain or conditionally supportive.
The apparent balance of the discussion is misleading because a large proportion of the pro-trial posts come from only two or three very persistent contributors.

The main objections supported by the large majority are:
1. The study does not clearly define what success would mean
Surely the meaningful clinical success would be the cessation or substantial reduction of gender dysphoria, allowing the child to become comfortable with their developing body and no longer require medical transition.
Instead, the proposed outcomes appear largely concerned with short-term measures of distress, wellbeing or satisfaction. A child may feel temporarily relieved because they have received the treatment they wanted, while their underlying dysphoria remains unchanged or becomes more firmly embedded.
A short-term improvement in mood is not evidence that the treatment has resolved the condition it is supposedly treating.

2. It cannot answer the important long-term questions
A study lasting one or two years cannot properly determine effects on:
• fertility and future sexual function
• bone density and fracture risk
• cognitive and neurological development
• adult physical and mental health
• regret or later detransition
• the effects of subsequent hormones and surgery
Many of the most important outcomes may not become apparent until well into adulthood.

3. The effect of blockers cannot be separated from the rest of the pathway
If most participants later proceed to cross-sex hormones, it will become extremely difficult to separate the consequences of puberty blockers from the consequences of hormones, surgery and continued social transition.
Blockers cannot realistically be assessed as an isolated intervention when they commonly function as the first medical step in a longer pathway.

4. The outcomes are subjective and vulnerable to bias
The children and families will know whether they have received blockers. Many will already strongly want the treatment and may regard receiving it as validation.
That creates obvious placebo, expectation and reporting effects. The study may detect short-term satisfaction with receiving treatment rather than any objective therapeutic benefit.

5. There is no adequate non-medical comparison
Many posters believe the proper comparison should be comprehensive psychological, family and safeguarding support without reinforcing a cross-sex identity or placing the child on a medical pathway.
Without that, the study may compare blockers against an artificially weak alternative rather than against the best possible non-medical care.

6. Meaningful consent is doubtful
Children cannot fully understand uncertain risks to fertility, sexual function, adult relationships, bone health or lifelong medical dependency.
Parents are also being asked to consent without reliable long-term evidence. That is the very evidence the study says it is trying to create.

7. Existing patients should be followed up first
The dominant view is not “do no research”. It is that the NHS should first complete the promised data-linkage work on the thousands of young people who have already received blockers.
Their later records could provide information about hormones, surgery, mental health, physical health and long-term outcomes without deliberately exposing another cohort.

The vocal minority’s strongest argument is that historical records are incomplete and confounded, and that only a prospective controlled study will produce evidence capable of persuading international clinicians. They also argue that some children will obtain drugs privately or illegally anyway, so supervised access may reduce harm.

That is a coherent argument, but most posters remain unconvinced because they do not believe this protocol will produce the decisive long-term evidence being promised.

The broad majority position is therefore:
Research is needed, but this trial is too short, too subjective, too poorly defined and too entangled with the wider medical-transition pathway to establish whether blockers actually resolve gender dysphoria or improve children’s long-term lives.

OP posts:
Heggettypeg · 12/07/2026 17:13

Other posters may be able to confirm whether my recollections are correct or not: but my impression from reading posts on this board from parents with gender-questioning children is that the situation can go on for a good many years before resolving itself; and that the turmoil of "adolescence" doesn't always tidily resolve in the teens but can continue into the early twenties.
So my fear is that, on the mental health front, a trial lasting only 2 years isn't going to tell us much beyond "getting what s/he was demanding did/ didn't make X more cheerful for a while" .

DrBlackbird · 12/07/2026 17:08

may actually encourage clinicians to give more children the drugs.

This too ^

The cynic in me wonders if showing that PBs are safe is the goal of the trial? Could prevent litigation before it begins…

noblegiraffe · 12/07/2026 16:58

AmaryllisNightAndDay · 12/07/2026 14:00

@noblegiraffe Be careful about bait and switch. Short-term harms of puberty blockers are a worry but they are not the biggest worry. The really big worry is the pathway.

We know from Tavistock GIDS that puberty blockers are not just an independent treatment in themselves but a pathway to further treatment. Because one of the things we know for sure about puberty blockers is that - all else being equal - if you start giving a gender distressed child puberty blockers then you massively increase the chance that the child will go on to cross-sex hormones, with all their long list of known harms to health and fertility. You also increase the risk of the child moving on to surgical treatments with all the associated (and known) harms of those.

If you are putting physically healthy children on a treatment pathway that is likely to lead to serious physical harm then you need to be very confident that there are also significant benefits to the pathway as a whole before it is ethical to start putting any children on that pathway, even as a trial. It's unethical to trial the start of a pathway on children unless you can be confident of (at least) one of three things: that starting the pathway doesn't encourage children to continue the pathway; or that the pathway is not obviously dangerous; or that there are so many dangers to not putting the child on that pathway that they outweigh the dangers of starting. We already have enough evidence that each of those are false.

I think Dr Cass is hoping to finesse some of these ethical issues by for example claiming that some of these children will put themselves or be put by their parents onto the pathway anyway, by buying drugs for themsleves. But this is not how trials on children are usually justified.

If putting kids on puberty blockers is setting them on a pathway to cross-sex hormones (and not just it being that the most 'trans identified' kids who would end up on hormones anyway are the ones who start blockers) then getting the required evidence that stops kids being given puberty blockers is even more important to stop that pipeline then?

noblegiraffe · 12/07/2026 16:53

TwoLoonsAndASprout · 12/07/2026 14:14

So, if I understand correctly, you are against the general use of PBs, and believe that the only way to get them stopped, worldwide, is to carry out a proper trial which will demonstrate how terrible they are, yes?

In a sense we all want the same thing, which is to stop too many more children getting these drugs.

But what many of us are saying is: although the researchers who designed the trial say that it is rigorous, many other very knowledgeable scientists have looked at it and have said that it will not in fact give any better data than what is already out there - because of (among other things) the lack of falsifiable hypotheses, the shortness of the study duration, the inappropriateness of the mental health tests that are proposed, and the almost certain confounds that will come from the fact that the families that will be enrolled have huge biases towards the study “succeeding,” however that is measured.

This study will not give you your silver bullet. It cannot. It is not long term enough, it is full of methodological holes. You (or Cass, and you agree?) think the existing (as yet unlinked up) data, such as it is, is crap. Well this study will produce equally crap data, which will not get us any closer to stopping the use of PBs in gender confused children, and will poison 250-odd more children along the way.

Fine, if this study was the most iron-clad, tightest-designed study there ever was, then I might, just might, with a lot of persuasion, consider that poisoning those extra 250 kids would be worth it for the outcome. It is not, and I - and many, many other researchers who know so much more than you or I do about this - therefore do not.

This study will definitely produce better data than the Tavistock. If anyone is suggesting that a clinical trial would produce data as crappy as a clinic that was specifically criticised for its poor data keeping, then they can be safely ignored as someone who has no idea about clinical trials. Data management on clinical trials is extremely rigorous.

As for the idea that the participants could bias the trial by being super positive about outcomes - they cannot affect the outcome of bone density tests, MRIs, X-rays, blood tests, urinalysis, IQ tests and the rest of the battery of tests purely by the power of positive thinking. Qualitative data is always lower quality than quantitive.

As for 'poisoning 250 more children' (I don't think they'll recruit that many tbh), I more view it from the perspective of: you have a whole load of children worldwide who are being given these drugs. You have the opportunity to take a small subset of them, give them the drugs in an extremely controlled environment and at the same time get a whole load of data that could be used to evidence the lack of efficacy of the drug. OR you could just let all those kids take the drugs, no data be collected and fingers crossed hope they'll stop it soon.

Those are the two options as I see it.

DrBlackbird · 12/07/2026 16:34

PrettyDamnCosmic · 12/07/2026 11:31

I don't think any child can be Gillick competent to consent to taking PBs. They simply cannot have the maturity to evaluate the long term consequences in terms of sterility or sexual function.

‘Informed’ consent is a necessary fiction to stop all healthcare professionals from being constantly sued. Consent where we’re talking about young children aged 9-11 is another level of craziness fgs. They’ve got no idea what any of the impacts will be on their lives.

My experience of gender dysphoric (autistic) males 17-24 is that at this age they still don’t have the maturity or sufficient identity integrity to evaluate consequences of sterility. I’ve seen them go from actively taking xsh’s and insisting they never want children to desisting a few months later and talking about what names they’d like for their children. So worrying.

Edited to add: if all countries that have conducted systemic reviews on puberty blockers then why on earth does there need to be another one?

BridgetYourFortyDaysAreUp · 12/07/2026 14:51

To me, it's simple. Ask any parent who is actually concerned about his/her child's welfare, rather than is virtue-signalling, abusive, narcissistic, or just simply tired of saying "no" to their child:

We have some drugs here that have been found to cause certain harms to other individuals, in certain circumstances; that may cause your child to become infertile; that may also harm your child's health in ways we don't understand at all yet; and may give your child long term health problems in the future. Shall we give them to your child and see what happens?

How many non- virtue-signalling, non-abusive, non-narcissistic, or non-just simply tired of saying "no" to their child would say "yes, that sounds great, let's do that!"

Would the parents on the ethics committee which approved this trial say yes?

TwoLoonsAndASprout · 12/07/2026 14:36

AimsAndObjectives · 12/07/2026 14:34

Anyone who thinks that the TRAs and the Webberleys and the online groomers and the captured professionals are going to shut up shop as a result of anything that this trial concludes has not been paying attention. The vagueness of the objectives and the short timescales will give plenty of wriggle-room for cherry-picking. In fact, short term 'mental health benefits' from giving a teenager something they desperately want combined with a lack of long term follow-up, which is where many of the dangerous outcomes would be displayed, may actually encourage clinicians to give more children the drugs.

100% this

TwoLoonsAndASprout · 12/07/2026 14:36

AmaryllisNightAndDay · 12/07/2026 14:30

Fine, if this study was the most iron-clad, tightest-designed study there ever was, then I might, just might, with a lot of persuasion, consider that poisoning those extra 250 kids would be worth it for the outcome.

I don't think a normal ethics committee could agree on that basis. You can't experiement on some children to benefit others; there has to be potential benefit to the child taking part.

Yeah ok, was trying to concede a point, but you’re right. Even under that scenario it shouldn’t happen.

AimsAndObjectives · 12/07/2026 14:34

Anyone who thinks that the TRAs and the Webberleys and the online groomers and the captured professionals are going to shut up shop as a result of anything that this trial concludes has not been paying attention. The vagueness of the objectives and the short timescales will give plenty of wriggle-room for cherry-picking. In fact, short term 'mental health benefits' from giving a teenager something they desperately want combined with a lack of long term follow-up, which is where many of the dangerous outcomes would be displayed, may actually encourage clinicians to give more children the drugs.

BridgetYourFortyDaysAreUp · 12/07/2026 14:30

noblegiraffe · 12/07/2026 13:55

But the problem is that these drugs are being given to healthy children anyway. This isn’t a normal clinical trial for drug approval before being approved, where halting the trial means the drugs are never administered. Kids are being given these drugs and have been for years. If you want that to stop, and quickly, a clinical trial which shows risks outweigh benefits or a lack of efficacy will do that.

If you don’t have the trial, kids still get given the drugs. Persuading people to stop without proper clinical evidence will take longer. We know that people are ideologically wedded to this.

A PP admitted that lobotomies would have stopped sooner if there had been a proper trial of them.

I think I understand your argument, but I don't accept the premise. If children are going to be given the puberty blockers anyway, then, at least in the UK, whoever is providing them is doing so illegally. So let's go after them. Let's not harm another one child in the hope that the harm that is shown will "make" people stop procuring illegal drugs for children. And it isn't one child. It will be hundreds.

If puberty blockers are being procured illegally now, they will still be procured illegally after a trial, no matter what the data show. So, because it's already happening, we should do it to some more children?

Alcohol is illegal for children, yet they still procure it. Should we harm some children in the hope that other children will stop drinking illegally? Same for smoking. Same for heroin.

Another poster has put all these arguments forward already, upthread, yet you seem to want to ignore these. Why are puberty blockers so special that normal methods of enforcing the law (as per alcohol, heroin, etc.) are not even to be entertained?

The more people put forward logical arguments against the trial, the more you seem to vehemently advocate for this trial to go ahead. Why is that?

No data is worth harming one single child for. No data. Not to cure something as ethereal and undefinable as "gender identity." Not to cure cancer. Why is it acceptable to you to harm children to get some data?

AmaryllisNightAndDay · 12/07/2026 14:30

Fine, if this study was the most iron-clad, tightest-designed study there ever was, then I might, just might, with a lot of persuasion, consider that poisoning those extra 250 kids would be worth it for the outcome.

I don't think a normal ethics committee could agree on that basis. You can't experiement on some children to benefit others; there has to be potential benefit to the child taking part.

AimsAndObjectives · 12/07/2026 14:23

TwoLoonsAndASprout · 12/07/2026 13:00

Ok, this is my interpretation, so take it with a grain of salt because (as we have established above) I can’t see into Cass’s head:

Cass is saying, look at this terribly sad case we have - here is a boy who has lived, properly lived for such a long time as a girl, and who is now so desperately afraid of going through the “wrong” puberty that he is self-isolating and won’t leave his house. How could you possibly legislate to prevent this child from getting medication that will stop him going through the wrong puberty and will therefore solve all his mental health problems? (She carefully elides over how he ended up in the situation he is in where he thinks he is a girl but obviously knows he has a boy’s body.). She then appears to be saying something like - and for those of you who are worried about the effect that puberty blockers have on bone density, well his bones are already damaged from never leaving the house, so how could PBs be any worse.

But as I say, grain of salt.

Plus, if his bones are already damaged, why are we giving him PBs, which may well compound the damage?

TwoLoonsAndASprout · 12/07/2026 14:17

BonfireLady · 12/07/2026 14:13

😂😂

Once a swot, always a swot. I cringe at my younger self sometimes but equally, I own it. Thankfully these days I can occasionally combine my natural swotty tendancies with sarcasm every now and again. Although that's obviously not what I'm doing here - your proposed study sounds perfectly reasonable to me 🙃

❤️❤️

Swots of the world unite!

TwoLoonsAndASprout · 12/07/2026 14:14

noblegiraffe · 12/07/2026 13:55

But the problem is that these drugs are being given to healthy children anyway. This isn’t a normal clinical trial for drug approval before being approved, where halting the trial means the drugs are never administered. Kids are being given these drugs and have been for years. If you want that to stop, and quickly, a clinical trial which shows risks outweigh benefits or a lack of efficacy will do that.

If you don’t have the trial, kids still get given the drugs. Persuading people to stop without proper clinical evidence will take longer. We know that people are ideologically wedded to this.

A PP admitted that lobotomies would have stopped sooner if there had been a proper trial of them.

So, if I understand correctly, you are against the general use of PBs, and believe that the only way to get them stopped, worldwide, is to carry out a proper trial which will demonstrate how terrible they are, yes?

In a sense we all want the same thing, which is to stop too many more children getting these drugs.

But what many of us are saying is: although the researchers who designed the trial say that it is rigorous, many other very knowledgeable scientists have looked at it and have said that it will not in fact give any better data than what is already out there - because of (among other things) the lack of falsifiable hypotheses, the shortness of the study duration, the inappropriateness of the mental health tests that are proposed, and the almost certain confounds that will come from the fact that the families that will be enrolled have huge biases towards the study “succeeding,” however that is measured.

This study will not give you your silver bullet. It cannot. It is not long term enough, it is full of methodological holes. You (or Cass, and you agree?) think the existing (as yet unlinked up) data, such as it is, is crap. Well this study will produce equally crap data, which will not get us any closer to stopping the use of PBs in gender confused children, and will poison 250-odd more children along the way.

Fine, if this study was the most iron-clad, tightest-designed study there ever was, then I might, just might, with a lot of persuasion, consider that poisoning those extra 250 kids would be worth it for the outcome. It is not, and I - and many, many other researchers who know so much more than you or I do about this - therefore do not.

BonfireLady · 12/07/2026 14:13

TwoLoonsAndASprout · 12/07/2026 12:54

@BonfireLady, you are such a swot. Or as we used to say when I was a kid: teacher’s pet!

😂😂

Once a swot, always a swot. I cringe at my younger self sometimes but equally, I own it. Thankfully these days I can occasionally combine my natural swotty tendancies with sarcasm every now and again. Although that's obviously not what I'm doing here - your proposed study sounds perfectly reasonable to me 🙃

AmaryllisNightAndDay · 12/07/2026 14:07

noblegiraffe · 12/07/2026 13:55

But the problem is that these drugs are being given to healthy children anyway. This isn’t a normal clinical trial for drug approval before being approved, where halting the trial means the drugs are never administered. Kids are being given these drugs and have been for years. If you want that to stop, and quickly, a clinical trial which shows risks outweigh benefits or a lack of efficacy will do that.

If you don’t have the trial, kids still get given the drugs. Persuading people to stop without proper clinical evidence will take longer. We know that people are ideologically wedded to this.

A PP admitted that lobotomies would have stopped sooner if there had been a proper trial of them.

I get you, but unlike lobotomy there's no guarantee that the harms of puberty blockers show up that fast. After a year or two the kids are still likely to be in the "happy place" of getting what they want.

The NHS could show leadership to the world by showing caution and keeping its ban in place until the long-term effects on the many children and young people who have already been given puberty blockers, and the many young people who have only been given cross-sex hormones, have been followed up to the best of our ability.

AmaryllisNightAndDay · 12/07/2026 14:00

@noblegiraffe Be careful about bait and switch. Short-term harms of puberty blockers are a worry but they are not the biggest worry. The really big worry is the pathway.

We know from Tavistock GIDS that puberty blockers are not just an independent treatment in themselves but a pathway to further treatment. Because one of the things we know for sure about puberty blockers is that - all else being equal - if you start giving a gender distressed child puberty blockers then you massively increase the chance that the child will go on to cross-sex hormones, with all their long list of known harms to health and fertility. You also increase the risk of the child moving on to surgical treatments with all the associated (and known) harms of those.

If you are putting physically healthy children on a treatment pathway that is likely to lead to serious physical harm then you need to be very confident that there are also significant benefits to the pathway as a whole before it is ethical to start putting any children on that pathway, even as a trial. It's unethical to trial the start of a pathway on children unless you can be confident of (at least) one of three things: that starting the pathway doesn't encourage children to continue the pathway; or that the pathway is not obviously dangerous; or that there are so many dangers to not putting the child on that pathway that they outweigh the dangers of starting. We already have enough evidence that each of those are false.

I think Dr Cass is hoping to finesse some of these ethical issues by for example claiming that some of these children will put themselves or be put by their parents onto the pathway anyway, by buying drugs for themsleves. But this is not how trials on children are usually justified.