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Feminism: Sex and gender discussions

GRA REFORM OR REPEAL?

88 replies

AnnieBarbour · 04/02/2022 21:12

I have a question, and I would love to know what you think.

I want those who experience gender dysphoria and those who identify as transgender to live lives free of harassment, stigma and prejudice. I have a transgender grandchild, so I know how difficult it can be to identify as trans. I think as a society we can do better, indeed we must do better. Some of that ‘doing better’ is about societal acceptance and education out of prejudice, while some of it is about legislation, and it’s on legislation where I’d like your input.

It has seemed to me for some time that some of the mess we are in now is down to mistakes that were made with the Gender Recognition Act (GRA) in 2004. Some of the impetus for that Act came from the need to protect the rights of transgender people in marriage – a need that no longer exists since we have had same sex marriage. Some of it came from a need to protect transgender people from harassment and discrimination in the workplace. Sadly, the good intentions behind the Act did not have entirely the best outcomes. It led to an understanding that it is possible to actually change sex, something we all know (although not everyone admits) is impossible. And that understanding has led to considerable conflict with other group who are have protected characteristics under the Equality Act.

So, I want to make a bold suggestion. I suggest we do reform the GRA, but not by just simplifying the process of gaining a Gender Recognition Certificate. I suggest we completely reform it, making it more fit for purpose. I suggest we may find we can repeal it because we don’t need it after all.

To do so, I suggest we ask:

  1. Where does recording someone’s sex actually matter? My suggestion is it is no longer necessary on passports, driving licences its; especially now we have iris recognition etc, but that it IS necessary for data collection.
  2. Are there any areas where the harassment, stigmatisation, and discrimination of transgender people is not already covered by existing legislation?
  3. Is the current trend of conflating sex with gender really helpful to transgender people?

Looking forward to hearing your views!

OP posts:
SevenWaystoLeave · 05/02/2022 11:21

@AnnieBarbour

I have a question, and I would love to know what you think.

I want those who experience gender dysphoria and those who identify as transgender to live lives free of harassment, stigma and prejudice. I have a transgender grandchild, so I know how difficult it can be to identify as trans. I think as a society we can do better, indeed we must do better. Some of that ‘doing better’ is about societal acceptance and education out of prejudice, while some of it is about legislation, and it’s on legislation where I’d like your input.

It has seemed to me for some time that some of the mess we are in now is down to mistakes that were made with the Gender Recognition Act (GRA) in 2004. Some of the impetus for that Act came from the need to protect the rights of transgender people in marriage – a need that no longer exists since we have had same sex marriage. Some of it came from a need to protect transgender people from harassment and discrimination in the workplace. Sadly, the good intentions behind the Act did not have entirely the best outcomes. It led to an understanding that it is possible to actually change sex, something we all know (although not everyone admits) is impossible. And that understanding has led to considerable conflict with other group who are have protected characteristics under the Equality Act.

So, I want to make a bold suggestion. I suggest we do reform the GRA, but not by just simplifying the process of gaining a Gender Recognition Certificate. I suggest we completely reform it, making it more fit for purpose. I suggest we may find we can repeal it because we don’t need it after all.

To do so, I suggest we ask:

  1. Where does recording someone’s sex actually matter? My suggestion is it is no longer necessary on passports, driving licences its; especially now we have iris recognition etc, but that it IS necessary for data collection.
  2. Are there any areas where the harassment, stigmatisation, and discrimination of transgender people is not already covered by existing legislation?
  3. Is the current trend of conflating sex with gender really helpful to transgender people?

Looking forward to hearing your views!

You acknowledge the main practical function of the GRA is that having GRC allows trans people to have their legal sex recorded on their marriage certificate. You then go onto say this has caused conflict in equality legislation, but it's really not clear how. Can you explain how the sex recorded on a trans person's marriage certificate impacts anyone else at all?

It's true that the GRA actually grants very little to trans people on top of what other existing legislation already gives them (always worth repeating: the GRA has nothing to do with access to spaces, that's covered by the EA2010). Basically it lets a trans person have their preferred sex recorded on a marriage certificate or a death certificate. And that's about it. Neither of those have any impact on anyone else except the trans person themselves. So calling for the GRA to be repealed seems a) unnecessary to achieve any reasonable aim gender critical people claim they want to achieve and b) particularly petty and cruel to want to deny trans people even this one tiny shred of recognition that has zero impact on anyone else but may mean the world to them.

Artichokeleaves · 05/02/2022 11:18

Fairly simple questions:

Should it be a right in law for anyone who chooses to have preferred rather than actual information on legal documents?

Where might that go wrong?

If one characteristic can be chosen at will, then obviously this extends to all characteristics, because you can't gate keep this once you open it - what are the impacts for example of identifying as being four years old in legal documentation? Have we opened the door there for a legal fight to a primary school placement? How is that different to the fight for a legal right to be in a female only refuge?

Should someone without a characteristic be able to have this legal fiction of having one and be so entitled to the same resources set aside for those who do not have the power to legally fiction their way out of this disadvantage society is providing for?

What do we do with an able bodied person who wishes to have equal rights to a funded carer, a wet room with hoists and an accessible car for their wheelchair?

How does this affect the group who cannot whatever they do escape the reality of this disadvantage?

Is it a good idea to base law in feelings rather than objectively verifiable and replicateable fact? Where might that go wrong?

Bad law. Badly made. All the wrong reasons. Everything discussed as possible concerns in drawing it up have come to pass plus a whole lot more.

TQ+ needs can be met without this legal fiction, and the reality has to be accepted that sex does not change, and sex based rights are needed for equality. Inclusion requires addition of TQ+ available services and gender neutral provisions with clear lines that no, sex based provisions will not be dissolved, and other vulnerable groups excluded and disadvantaged because they have rights too. Tolerance on both sides will have to be a part of this, it cannot be all about TQ+ people.

GibbonsGoatsGibbons · 05/02/2022 11:05

100% repeal
Single sex spaces protected, no falsification of official documents, everyone allowed to present themselves however they like (within usual common law decency I suppose!)

As the push to separate trans identities from any medical diagnosis continues I don't understand how they will be legally able to claim sex can be changed legally while age cannot which is terrifying.

OldCrone · 05/02/2022 11:03

@anadulthumanfemale

Unfortunately for all those who wish to repeal the GRA it is not likely due to the reason it was introduced in the first place.

The European Court of Human Rights ruled on 11 July 2002, in Goodwin & I v United Kingdom [2002] 2 FCR 577, that a trans person's inability to change the sex on their birth certificate was a breach of their rights under Article 8 and Article 12 of the European Convention on Human Rights. Following this judgement, the UK Government had to introduce new legislation to comply.

The court's decision that Article 8 had been breached was based to some extent around the fact that the applicant in this case was a post-operative transsexual who had been treated by the NHS.

78. In this case, as in many others, the applicant's gender re-assignment was carried out by the national health service, which recognises the condition of gender dysphoria and provides, inter alia, re-assignment by surgery, with a view to achieving as one of its principal purposes as close an assimilation as possible to the gender in which the transsexual perceives that he or she properly belongs. The Court is struck by the fact that nonetheless the gender re-assignment which is lawfully provided is not met with full recognition in law, which might be regarded as the final and culminating step in the long and difficult process of transformation which the transsexual has undergone. The coherence of the administrative and legal practices within the domestic system must be regarded as an important factor in the assessment carried out under Article 8 of the Convention. Where a State has authorised the treatment and surgery alleviating the condition of a transsexual, financed or assisted in financing the operations and indeed permits the artificial insemination of a woman living with a female-to-male transsexual (as demonstrated in the case of X., Y. and Z. v. the United Kingdom, cited above), it appears illogical to refuse to recognise the legal implications of the result to which the treatment leads.

So according to the ECHR, the UK government, via the NHS, has authorised and funded the applicant's medical treatment, so it should also recognise the 'legal implications' which result from this treatment.

But since the law as it was eventually passed required no medical treatment at all for obtaining a GRC, why should there be any obligation for the government to officially recognise a 'new gender'?

The decision about Article 8 ends:
93. ... Since there are no significant factors of public interest to weigh against the interest of this individual applicant in obtaining legal recognition of her gender re-assignment, it reaches the conclusion that the fair balance that is inherent in the Convention now tilts decisively in favour of the applicant. There has, accordingly, been a failure to respect her right to private life in breach of Article 8 of the Convention.

"No significant factors of public interest". No consideration at all for women.

Melroses · 05/02/2022 11:02

The GRA was a sticking plaster to make the world work for a very small number of people. The secrecy part is over the top and is covered by other legislation.

Now changing gender and transitioning is so commonplace it makes no sense whatsoever. People I know from childhood have transitioned, a relative is transitioning and taking hormones, my children's friend from playgroup and school days is transitioning, my daughter did a degree and shared a house with someone who was transitioning. If I mention it to anyone, they also know someone. My friend's middle aged BIL is wearing net skirts Confused

One of 5000 may have 'passed' because people weren't expecting someone to be dressed as if they were the opposite sex, but now, everyone is doing it, and everyone can tell.

OldCrone · 05/02/2022 10:44

@AnnieBarbour

‘The European Court of Human Rights ruled on 11 July 2002, in Goodwin & I v United Kingdom [2002] 2 FCR 577, ‘ As I understand it, the claim that the person was unable to apply for work as her NI card declared their birth sex. But surely that can be covered by removing the requirement for sex in the NI?
The government had already issued a new NI card to the applicant before the ECHR ruling. They made clear that the applicant's employers would have no way of discovering someone's previous identity from their NI number.

From the judgment:
66. As regards the specific difficulties claimed by the applicant, the Government submitted that an employer was unable to establish the sex of the applicant from the NI number itself since it did not contain any encoded reference to her sex. The applicant had been issued with a new NI card with her changed name and style of address. Furthermore, the DSS had a policy of confidentiality of the personal details of a NI number holder and, in particular, a policy and procedure for the special protection of transsexuals. As a result, an employer had no means of lawfully obtaining information from the DSS about the previous sexual identity of an employee. It was also in their view highly unlikely that the applicant's employer would discover her change of gender through her NI number in any other way. The refusal to issue a new NI number was justified, the uniqueness of the NI number being of critical importance in the administration of the national insurance system, and for the prevention of the fraudulent use of old NI numbers.

hudoc.echr.coe.int/eng#{%22appno%22:[%2228957/95%22],%22documentcollectionid2%22:[%22JUDGMENTS%22],%22itemid%22:[%22001-60596%22]}

JellySaurus · 05/02/2022 10:16

Re Article 12, was it written that way to specify that men and women have the right to marry each other? The other declarations talk about everyone having the right to xyz. Did the writers specifically exclude same-sex marriage? It seems likely, given that homosexuality was illegal at that time in most (all?) of the countries involved in the DoHR.

JellySaurus · 05/02/2022 10:03

@anadulthumanfemale

Unfortunately for all those who wish to repeal the GRA it is not likely due to the reason it was introduced in the first place.

The European Court of Human Rights ruled on 11 July 2002, in Goodwin & I v United Kingdom [2002] 2 FCR 577, that a trans person's inability to change the sex on their birth certificate was a breach of their rights under Article 8 and Article 12 of the European Convention on Human Rights. Following this judgement, the UK Government had to introduce new legislation to comply.

ARTICLE 8 Right to respect for private and family life 1. life, his home and his correspondence. Everyone has the right to respect for his private and family
  1. There shall be no interference by a public authority with the exercise of this right except such as is in accordance with the law and is necessary in a democratic society in the interests of national security, public safety or the economic well-being of the country, for the prevention of disorder or crime, for the protection of health or morals, or for the protection of the rights and freedoms of others.

ARTICLE 12
Right to marry
Men and women of marriageable age have the right to marry and to found a family, according to the national laws governing the exercise of this right.

https://www.echr.coe.int/documents/convention_eng.pdf

Right to privacy: …except such as is in accordance with the law and is necessary in a democratic society…for the protection of the rights and freedoms of others. We have growing evidence that trans ideology is harming both its adherents and others.

Right to marry: exists in UK law.

The same statutes that judges decided obligated the creation of the GRA, now obligate its repeal.

Soontobe60 · 05/02/2022 09:23

@Redlake

The GRA allows the issue of a new birth certificate. THAT was the original intention of the recognition campaign. The new birth certificate provides all that is needed. It leaves no question as to someones legal sex. Some nasty bigoted people would like to take that away from a tiny minority who really depend on it's security.
A birth certificate is a record of someone at their birth. Not 40 years down the line when they decide they think they’re now the opposite sex. As such, it should not be altered. I can’t alter my degree certificate to show a better result because I ‘feel’ cleverer than I did 30 years ago. I can’t alter my birth certificate to give a different name for my mother. I can’t alter my medical records to show I haven’t actually had 2 children I can’t alter my driving license to show I don’t really have 6 points for speeding And so on…
Linguini · 05/02/2022 09:12

@anadulthumanfemale

Unfortunately for all those who wish to repeal the GRA it is not likely due to the reason it was introduced in the first place.

The European Court of Human Rights ruled on 11 July 2002, in Goodwin & I v United Kingdom [2002] 2 FCR 577, that a trans person's inability to change the sex on their birth certificate was a breach of their rights under Article 8 and Article 12 of the European Convention on Human Rights. Following this judgement, the UK Government had to introduce new legislation to comply.

That can be challenged because giving male people a female birth certificate and therefore access to women's spaces/services goes against the human rights of women as outlined by ECHR.
AnnieBarbour · 05/02/2022 09:10

‘The European Court of Human Rights ruled on 11 July 2002, in Goodwin & I v United Kingdom [2002] 2 FCR 577, ‘ As I understand it, the claim that the person was unable to apply for work as her NI card declared their birth sex. But surely that can be covered by removing the requirement for sex in the NI?

OP posts:
Linguini · 05/02/2022 09:08

REPEAL.

Linguini · 05/02/2022 09:07

@Clymene

There is a massive issue with issuing new birth certificates to adults in that they are an excellent method of concealing past identities and past crimes. We know that men who have been convinced of heinous crimes against women and children have been successful in applying for GRCs. We also know that the DBS relies on applicants' honesty when asked about previous names.

It's a system which a 5 year old could drive a coach and horses through.

This is EXACTLY my objection to changing birth certificates. It's a magnet for those who want to conceal their past. Want to jump off the sex offenders register? GRA is here for you. Want to hide previous convictions? No problem. GRA right there.

It's no surprise that the first country to enable changing your date of birth on your birth certificate as well as your sex, is gangsta-lead Mexico.

happydappy2 · 05/02/2022 09:00

We now know that male prisoners convicted of sexual offences against women, are applying for a GRC from prison and being granted one-then they can apply for transfer to the female prison estate. We can absolutely repeal this insane law.

DomesticatedZombie · 05/02/2022 08:38

I'd like to know what would be most practical and straightforward in terms of change. I think it's clear the GRA creates conflict within the EA. How is this going to be fixed?

ThatsWhenTheCannibalismStarted · 05/02/2022 08:34

In my mind, the PC of sex should be enough to protect people who identify as trans.

You could quite easily add something to the sex based legislation around not discriminating on the basis of diversion from sex-based expectations of behaviour or appearance. And reinforce what we know to be true that anyone of either sex can behave and present in any way and they will remain the sex they are and should be treated as such eg in sports, prisons, healthcare etc etc.

JellySaurus · 05/02/2022 08:26

Repeal. It is too defective to be reformed.

Transgenderism for the most part is no different to any other faith position. Faith and lack of faith are protected in law, and what must be sufficient for those who believe in an immortal soul must also be sufficient for those who believe in a gendered soul.

Imposing gender ideology upon the general population is no different to theocracy.

As for those for whom transvestism is an expression of a dysphoria, they need to be treated with the same compassion as any other person suffering a dysphoria. And, in just the same way, not have the world manipulated around them to affirm their dysphoria.

OhHolyJesus · 05/02/2022 08:15

I'm amazed this thread has stayed overnight - are we now able to discuss the GRA (reform and repeal)? This hasn't happened before has it? All other threads are deleted.

PaleBlueMoonlight · 05/02/2022 07:57

Yes, Hansard is quite sobering. The impact on women is mentioned and dismissed.

DomesticatedZombie · 05/02/2022 07:56

@PaleBlueMoonlight

If 'gender' is too hard to define we can define sex. Just so long as its clear the two terms have completely different meanings and aren't confused or conflated.

Sex does have a definition in common law. It is not perfect though - something to do with congruence of chromosomes, gonads and genitalia. I'll have to look it up, but it is discussed in the case law that led to the GRA.

Oh, interesting, thanks. So we need people to make clear legislation that disambiguates between sex and gender. There is current legislation (at least in Scotland) that uses the terms interchangeably.
ThatsWhenTheCannibalismStarted · 05/02/2022 07:52

@Monitaurus have a look at Hansard, they absolutely did foresee the problems. They pushed on regardless because the problems will 'probably never happen' and if they do it's such a 'tiny number of people it won't be a big deal'. I recommend reading the original debate by Vulvamort gives a great overview here:

mobile.twitter.com/HairyLeggdHarpy/status/1049289194370002945

thinkingaboutLangCleg · 05/02/2022 07:23

The European Court of Human Rights ruled on 11 July 2002, in Goodwin & I v United Kingdom [2002] 2 FCR 577, that a trans person's inability to change the sex on their birth certificate was a breach of their rights under Article 8 and Article 12 of the European Convention on Human Rights.

It doesn’t matter who made that rule. It’s the same as the GRA itself — claiming that a fantasy is reality.

anadulthumanfemale · 05/02/2022 05:05

Unfortunately for all those who wish to repeal the GRA it is not likely due to the reason it was introduced in the first place.

The European Court of Human Rights ruled on 11 July 2002, in Goodwin & I v United Kingdom [2002] 2 FCR 577, that a trans person's inability to change the sex on their birth certificate was a breach of their rights under Article 8 and Article 12 of the European Convention on Human Rights. Following this judgement, the UK Government had to introduce new legislation to comply.

Monitaurus · 05/02/2022 04:10

Repeal the GRA , get rid of the GRC. Let’s not continue to lie about reality. Call yourself whatever you want, dress as stereotypes if you choose, but obscuring the true identity is a barrier to safeguarding. The deed poll change also does that, to be fair. But the GRC was introduced to be kind and no one envisaged the problems that would ensue.

Monitaurus · 05/02/2022 04:06

Clymene this.