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Feminism: Sex and gender discussions

Let's Talk about what Patriarchy Is

241 replies

Goosefoot · 08/07/2020 03:56

So, we had a brief exchange about this on another thread, and it was suggested we move it to its own discussion. I'll copy and past the relevant posts to show what the idea for the discussion is - no expectation that anyone must lay claim to them and of course people can expand or clarify if they want. I'm alternating the font appearance between different quotes.

Can people not see the correlation in the application of identity politics across different groups. This is no different from women claiming theres some kind of oppressive patriarchy. It uses group identity to form a narrative that is both destructive and destabilising to society as a whole.

Patriarchy is still in literal existence in places on this globe.

It's within some women's living memories, being given the vote for the first time. Some women are imprisoned for not confirming to patriarchal religious law. Etc.

Patriarchy in those pure forms is much diminished in the West, it's true. But in some ways the attitudes towards women under patriarchy have just migrated to things like porn.

It very literally still exists in the House of Lords.

However, patriarchy can just be a system where men, for whatever reason, hold most positions of power. You don’t have to believe that all men are involved in a plot against women to observe that a society is patriarchal.

I think patriarchy gets tosses around too liberally.

If you want to apply it to ancient Roman law or more modern versions of the same, yes, it's functioning as a clear and technically useful word that denotes something specific and definable.

But the ways it's used most of the time by western feminists it just means some undefined and often mysterious set of somethings that result is the disadvantaging of women in some way. It reminds me a lot of what Adolph Reed says about the term systemic racism or even just racism - it's just a name you apply to an effect, but it doesn't tell you anything useful about the cause or mechanisms surrounding it. Because it's abstract and unfalsifiable it lends itself to fuzzy thinking. And it doesn't at all lend itself to suggesting solutions or alternatives.

Can you start another thread on this please?

I'm quite interested in teasing out what is patriarchy, what is prejudice against women, what is an inability to socially and economically value caring, what is woman-hatred etc.

OP posts:
Alisonjabub · 09/07/2020 20:06

@Antibles

I think patriarchy is definitely related to the extent a woman has bodily and reproductive autonomy, the opportunity for economic autonomy, and the ability to keep all those things no less than a man after she and he reproduce together.

Plus the safety to move around freely without threat of harassment or harm from males any greater than that which males going about their business face from females in said same society, and facing no greater risks and disadvantages of any kind in a society than males face, such that Caroline Criado Perez's book Invisible Women would not need to have been written.

Really it didnt need to be written.

Do you think men have designed it so that many more of them commit suicide? How about so they drop out of school more & get lower grades?

Why would they design it so that more women got university spaces? They would surely make it so much more women are in prison than men but thats the complete opposite.

You would think it would be of benefit to them also to make sure it was mainly women who risked lives doing the dangerous jobs, yet thats nearly all men. A definite winner would be to ensure than tens of thousands of women were wiped out during wars...Nope, again almost entirely men dead there too.

Just how exactly are men setting up this system to just benefit them. If they are then looking at the above we really dont have anything serious to worry about as they wouldnt be doing a very good job at it and seem to getting it the wrong way round.

Alisonjabub · 09/07/2020 19:57

There are a lot of possibilities, but t's not necessarily all that easy to imagine that any of them would actually erase differences in outcomes, no matter how woman centred they were or how they valued caring.

The fact that women give birth and a baby is dependant on them for the first few months of life, believe it or not, is not a concept of the patriarchy. Its unbelievable the wilful ignorance of some. I really do worry for the future of mine and others sons.

Antibles · 09/07/2020 19:54

I think patriarchy is definitely related to the extent a woman has bodily and reproductive autonomy, the opportunity for economic autonomy, and the ability to keep all those things no less than a man after she and he reproduce together.

Plus the safety to move around freely without threat of harassment or harm from males any greater than that which males going about their business face from females in said same society, and facing no greater risks and disadvantages of any kind in a society than males face, such that Caroline Criado Perez's book Invisible Women would not need to have been written.

Alisonjabub · 09/07/2020 19:52

There are a lot of possibilities, but t's not necessarily all that easy to imagine that any of them would actually erase differences in outcomes, no matter how woman centred they were or how they valued caring.

We shouldn't try to control the outcome in these situations, its a dire way to do things that leads to bad results and has done time and time again. We should ensure everyone has an equal opportunity and let the cards fall where they may. Thats the only truly fair way.

Alisonjabub · 09/07/2020 19:48

Re # 2 - intent is something that has to be established in most crimes, so I am not convinced this is accurate. While murder or battery wouldn't accept that kind of argument, it's not that hard to imagine someone showing that they reasonably thought they were supposed to take the neighbours car being accepted as a defence against theft.

No one said anyone has got to accept it, thats a matter for the jury, but someone can still use any defence they like and should have the freedom to able to do that. At the end of the day if its believable or not is down to the jury and they will decide whether they think he's truthful or lying. Thats due process. Its something we pride ourselves on as a nation and are the benchmark legal system that most countries look up to.

No ones said female biology is 'wrong' it simply is what it is and you have a choice with how you go about things. Not everythings fair or just, nor should it be.

Goosefoot · 09/07/2020 19:44

I thought the rough sex defence was about murder not rape?

OP posts:
Goosefoot · 09/07/2020 19:42

@BlingLoving

I gave a few examples of how societies could have developed differently if there wasn't the patriarchy. I see those have been ignored.

So many concepts of "common sense" or "it's just the way it is" really aren't. They're deep seated systems that have developed as part of ensuring men's lives are easier, more flexible, more power etc.

To use the women of child bearing age being viewed with "suspicion" in the workplace. In a non patriarchal society, those women would be seen as more important. They're able to bring life. Their value would be significantly higher. The skills they gain would be more valued.

The only reason you think it's perfectly reasonable to discriminate against them is because you've bought into this idea that working requires complete focus, no breaks, and that it's reasonable to expect employees to put work before all other considerations. You can't see that its socialisation because it's bloody worked so well.

Those aren't really examples though. They are values you'd like to see, good ones IMO.

But the question is, how would they work?

If we have a society and we know that, say, 80% are going to have something like a 10 year hiatus or partial hiatus in their career due to child related work, how could we set up a society so they were not disadvantaged? And what do we mean by that word? Maybe we expect that households with children will usually have something more like one or 1.5 paid "careers" rather than two, and try and make that stable for families, and also find ways to make it stable in care of marriage breakdown or a death.

We might have to just accept that would mean stats on male and female outcomes were different. Would that be "patriarchy" given that it's an attempt to have a woman centred system that values caregiving.

There are a lot of possibilities, but t's not necessarily all that easy to imagine that any of them would actually erase differences in outcomes, no matter how woman centred they were or how they valued caring.

OP posts:
Alisonjabub · 09/07/2020 19:40

@OldQueen1969

Are you deliberately missing the point? Of course presumption of innocence should not be removed. But there have been many rape cases where men have been treated leniently or found innocent even in the face of incontrovertible evidence, even video footage. There have been many cases where men have been considered more important than the victim due to their status and because it might negatively impact their future. Do you not concede that the scales are tipped fairly heavily in favour of the accused in rape cases? While the victims have to prove they didn't "ask for it"?
Absolutely not! The scales are fair as is our legal system. It is only right that proof and evidence is required if your intend to remove someones freedom from them.
QuentinWinters · 09/07/2020 19:32

aren't you just saying, female biology is wrong?
Only if you insist the binary has a right (male) and wrong (female) end. That's patriarchy.
In a non-patriarchal society we would accept it's necessary for society to procreate and not penalise women for being the ones who biologically bear most of that burden. So we would trust women to judge for themselves whether the physical and mental risks of childbirth and parenthood were too much for them.

In a non-patriarchal society workplaces would be structured to accommodate childcare (by both parents). So not 9-5 full time jobs with 80+ hour weeks necessary to be seen as a success.

Goosefoot · 09/07/2020 19:26

@QuentinWinters

Ok here are 2 examples which fit the criteria of structural as built into our legal systems. 1) Women have to get permission for a termination (in the UK) or it's illegal inmany parts of the world. Pregnancy in all cases puts a woman's life and health at risk. There are no circumstances where men need to get permission from someone else for a medical procedure to safeguard their own health.
  1. "Reasonable belief in consent" is a legally defined defence in rape. It means the offenders perception of a crime (who is always a man) is given precedence over the victim (who is usually a woman). The onus moves to the victim proving they didn't consent, rather than the offender proving they did. There are no other crimes where a defence is "I believed it was ok".
Re # 2 - intent is something that has to be established in most crimes, so I am not convinced this is accurate. While murder or battery wouldn't accept that kind of argument, it's not that hard to imagine someone showing that they reasonably thought they were supposed to take the neighbours car being accepted as a defence against theft.

Re #1 - pregnancy is unique medically which is why it is treated uniquely. Western culture for hundreds of years believed that a foetus was, morally speaking, a person. Abortion than means the end of a life of a person, which was seen as quite serious. So yes, the legal difference came out of a difference in men and women's biology, but what's your solution, to pretend their biology is the same?

To say any effect, social, moral, economic, political, that results from differences in male and female biology, is a kind of discrimination or systemic oppression - aren't you just saying, female biology is wrong?

OP posts:
Goosefoot · 09/07/2020 19:14

@Justhadathought

Why do you think that it's the case that caring for young children, one of the most important jobs in our society and the job which has the most significant long term economic impacts, is financially unrewarded

Going back in time, that is probably down to the fact that a family was an self regulating economic unit - dependent on hunting, gathering growing crops, animal husbandry & exchange of produce - and not on wage labour.

Women with small children are more tied to home and hearth, and it is the men that go further afield in search of food, resources, opportunities etc. And so a duality arose. women in the private sphere, men in the public sphere. This then became codified and enforced in most societies, and still is in many today.

Yeah, this is the thing I find with these conversations. Being the carer of children has not always been "financially unrewarded". Because it has not always been the case that people expected or got or even thought about earning a financial reward for doing the work of like.

The most basic life-work includes growing food, feeding people, building and maintaining a home, clothing people, caring for children. For much of history these things were rewarded in terms of you got to eat and had a place to sleep, your children grew up without falling in a hole or being eaten, and joined you in your work. Receiving pay for this wouldn't make sense, you receive the direct benefit of the work.

The reason domestic work hasn't tended to be given a wage, or for that matter working on your own car or growing your own veg, is because that simple relationship is still in force - you are essentially paying yourself, you do the work and get the benefit.

It's why I think it made sense intuitively to people when looking at changes to rules for women around banking, or divorce, that the non-working wife was entitled to half the household, because she was in essence working for the family and so an "owner" just as if she had contributed half of the income. And spousal support from that perspective was a bit like a sort of severance package, except that the family wasn't seen fundamentally as a sort of business partnership, but more a kind of pledge of loyalty in the ancient or medieval world, which can't really be renounced quite so easily.

OP posts:
BlueRaincoat1 · 09/07/2020 18:57

@QuentinWinters
I found the Secret Barristers blog about the 'rough sex defence' pretty informative:

thesecretbarrister.com/2020/07/03/the-truth-about-the-governments-claims-to-have-ended-the-rough-sex-defence

totallyyesno · 09/07/2020 18:46

Its not something we've allowed thats just the way it is! its biology.
It's really not. If we were to start again from scratch with the aim of not putting women at a disadvantage society would look very different. Governments are continually making policies which (possibly inadvertently) disadvantage women, often because women are not part of the decision making process.

NotDavidTennant · 09/07/2020 18:03

Surely the onus would be on me to prove why I thought you gifted it to me though, rather than on you to prove you didn't!

The onus in both instances would be for the prosecution to establish you had criminal intent. For some types of crime that's easier than others.

It's pretty rare for someone to agree to let them break into your house and take your valuables, to the extent that it would take a pretty bold person to try to convince a jury that they had a reasonable belief that you wanted them to do that. On the other hand, it's quite common for people to consent to sexual intercourse, and so the defence of "I thought she consented" had a better chance of being accepted by the jury.

Having said that, there do seem to be many cases where juries seem to be willing to accept quite unbelievable defences in rape trials.

BlingLoving · 09/07/2020 18:01

I gave a few examples of how societies could have developed differently if there wasn't the patriarchy. I see those have been ignored.

So many concepts of "common sense" or "it's just the way it is" really aren't. They're deep seated systems that have developed as part of ensuring men's lives are easier, more flexible, more power etc.

To use the women of child bearing age being viewed with "suspicion" in the workplace. In a non patriarchal society, those women would be seen as more important. They're able to bring life. Their value would be significantly higher. The skills they gain would be more valued.

The only reason you think it's perfectly reasonable to discriminate against them is because you've bought into this idea that working requires complete focus, no breaks, and that it's reasonable to expect employees to put work before all other considerations. You can't see that its socialisation because it's bloody worked so well.

QuentinWinters · 09/07/2020 17:47

Oh yeah actually that's another great example. Previous case law established that you can't consent to harm (R v. Brown), and that case was about BDSM. So even if someone said they consent, if you harm them, you are breaking the law.

But that doesnt apply to women in rape and murder cases. If you are a woman, a man can say you consented to be harmed or even killed and that's a defence. Despite previous case law saying it shouldn't be Angry

Imnobody4 · 09/07/2020 16:49

Many cases now are frought with unclear intentions due to both being drunk or whatever, you cant exclude specific defences.
So the removal of the rough sex defence, which has been fought for by women's group is against your idea of justice? What do you think is the origin of men treating women in a way that would contravene the Geneva Convention if sex wasn't involved and calling it pleasure?

Alisonjabub · 09/07/2020 16:39

@BlueRaincoat1

This straight away shows these are things you've repeated instead of actually going and considering them carefully to form your own views.

I have considered my own views, and I am enjoying this thread which is also broadening my views. I don't think there is a need to be dismissive because we don't agree. I don''t pretend to know everything, but this doesn't mean I can't contribute based on my current opinions.

Regarding your question as to how it can be 'structural' if a woman is not chosen for a role because she is of an age where she may be likely to have children? It's structural because society has developed in a way whereby a person's ability to be active economically is at the heart of their ability to have meaningful power in society - i.e. the power to feed or house themselves, or find a new home, or move away, or to be free as an individual to make their own choices. Compared to men women have less freedom in this regard if they, between the ages of 25-35 (for example) are more likely to be turned down for a role because they might have a child.
It's structural because we have allowed workplaces to evolve in a way where pregnancy may be seen as an unacceptable inconvenience rather than an unavoidable fact of life which needs to be wholly incorporated into working life in order not to disadvantage women. Obviously huge strides have been made in respect of maternity provision and sex discrimination laws to protect women against such discrimination, and many employers are a lot more progressive than they used to be. But is has been a long road, and many women still get dismissed when pregnant, or are not employed because of the risk of pregnancy, and are financially disadvantaged because of low stat maternity pay.

Your answer to @QuentinWinters about rape cases doesn't address her point. She isn't saying that the presumption of innocence shouldn't apply. She is saying that there is a defence available to the accused which is that the accused thought the complainant consented to the act.

The defence should be able to use whatever defence he pleases, especially if thats what happened!! If he thought that was the case should he not be allowed to say? Many cases now are frought with unclear intentions due to both being drunk or whatever, you cant exclude specific defences.

t's structural because we have allowed workplaces to evolve in a way where pregnancy may be seen as an unacceptable inconvenience rather than an unavoidable fact of life which needs to be wholly incorporated into working life in order not to disadvantage women.

Its not something we've allowed thats just the way it is! its biology. Guess what, kids are inconvenient. if you want to have them thats what theyre likely to cause. We're so used to getting everything we want we actually think we can circumvent biology so things arent inconvenient or that differences in our biology and sexual characvteristics aren't going to make a bit of difference. But they do it turns out, despite our efforts.

QuentinWinters · 09/07/2020 16:37

Surely the onus would be on me to prove why I thought you gifted it to me though, rather than on you to prove you didn't!

At the moment alleged rapists can say they never even spoke to the victim and still successfully use the "reasonable belief" defence.

NotDavidTennant · 09/07/2020 16:32

There are no other crimes where a defence is "I believed it was ok".

Erm, any crime which is not strict liability has a defence that "I believed it was ok".

For instance, if you took something from me and I accused you of theft, a legal defence would be that you had a genuine belief that I had gifted the item to you.

BlueRaincoat1 · 09/07/2020 16:28

This straight away shows these are things you've repeated instead of actually going and considering them carefully to form your own views.

I have considered my own views, and I am enjoying this thread which is also broadening my views. I don't think there is a need to be dismissive because we don't agree. I don''t pretend to know everything, but this doesn't mean I can't contribute based on my current opinions.

Regarding your question as to how it can be 'structural' if a woman is not chosen for a role because she is of an age where she may be likely to have children? It's structural because society has developed in a way whereby a person's ability to be active economically is at the heart of their ability to have meaningful power in society - i.e. the power to feed or house themselves, or find a new home, or move away, or to be free as an individual to make their own choices. Compared to men women have less freedom in this regard if they, between the ages of 25-35 (for example) are more likely to be turned down for a role because they might have a child.
It's structural because we have allowed workplaces to evolve in a way where pregnancy may be seen as an unacceptable inconvenience rather than an unavoidable fact of life which needs to be wholly incorporated into working life in order not to disadvantage women. Obviously huge strides have been made in respect of maternity provision and sex discrimination laws to protect women against such discrimination, and many employers are a lot more progressive than they used to be. But is has been a long road, and many women still get dismissed when pregnant, or are not employed because of the risk of pregnancy, and are financially disadvantaged because of low stat maternity pay.

Your answer to @QuentinWinters about rape cases doesn't address her point. She isn't saying that the presumption of innocence shouldn't apply. She is saying that there is a defence available to the accused which is that the accused thought the complainant consented to the act.

OldQueen1969 · 09/07/2020 16:23

Also the belief that men are so vital in the role of parent that even if they are abusive they will be given access to their children and the please of the mother ignored - which occasionally leads to family annihilation? This is definitely a structural inequality.

QuentinWinters · 09/07/2020 16:22

I can do examples of patriarchy all day, those two were because you said our legal structures weren't biased

QuentinWinters · 09/07/2020 16:21
  1. all pregnancy risks death or life changing injury to the mother, as well as the more common ongoing issues that many women experience. Women should be able to choose not to take that risk without permission. It infantilises women and there is nothing comparable for men

  2. Innocent until proven guilty is absolutely fundamental. I was talking about "reasonable belief in consent". A man had sex with a sleeping woman in a hotel room, thinking she was his partner. He was found innocent because he "reasonable believed" it was his partner. The victim was incontrovertibly penetrated against her will, but it's not a rape because he didn't mean to do it. There are no other crimes where that happens.

OldQueen1969 · 09/07/2020 16:20

Are you deliberately missing the point? Of course presumption of innocence should not be removed. But there have been many rape cases where men have been treated leniently or found innocent even in the face of incontrovertible evidence, even video footage. There have been many cases where men have been considered more important than the victim due to their status and because it might negatively impact their future. Do you not concede that the scales are tipped fairly heavily in favour of the accused in rape cases? While the victims have to prove they didn't "ask for it"?

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