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Does this sound like neurodiversity, laziness or what?

64 replies

Cheeseandmorecheese · 16/01/2026 14:04

I’m sorry this may be rather long, but I’d be very grateful for some views on whether there is something other than lack of effort going on here.

DS is 14 and in year 9. He genuinely seems to be very smart - in the top set for everything at secondary, came top in his primary school on SATS (maths and English), and reads multiple books a week plus has his own subscription to an (adult) news magazine as he’s so interested in current affairs. He can have detailed conversations about world politics and history that are at least as knowledgeable as my undergrads (I’m a university lecturer). His reports have always been great, both for effort and achievement, and said that he’s a pleasure to teach.

Since year 7-8 I have been slightly concerned as to his progress. He doesn’t seem to be able to communicate much at all in the languages he’s learning at school - in fact in one he can’t even count to 10 or write “my name is…”. I saw a draft humanities essay and it was badly written, structured and punctuated. In English he didn’t seem to put capital letters in. His grades still seemed OK, though, so I assumed my standards were too high.

This week everything has changed and he’s had a terrible report. Across almost all subjects his grades are slipping badly and his teachers say he isn’t making enough effort/isn’t achieving anywhere near what he’s capable of. He failed a science exam because he forgot to turn over the question paper to do the second half (!). He has been forgetting to do homework; forgetting to log homework he’s done; and finishing class assessments early after writing only the bare minimum. His teachers all say he’s great orally in class and a lovely lad, but his written work is at a much lower standard (which fits what I’ve seen) and he needs to make much more effort.

At first I was cross with him. But he seems genuinely baffled and upset. He says he’s making just as much effort as always. He says he finishes class assessments early because he has written as much as he can. He also says he hates writing and finds it hard to convert his thoughts to text (which baffles me as he reads all the time). At home, I’ve noticed he avoids picking up a pen ever, even to do maths workings or write shopping lists.

On reflection I don’t think he’s slacking off. He just seems to have no clue his written work is not meeting the right standard. I asked him to write me a 2-paragraph essay about a novel he’s recently read, which he cheerfully did (he’s unusually easygoing for a teen!) and it was dreadful - short, terrible SPAG and no structure. Yet verbally he could describe complex themes and how and why the writer had created them, discuss historical parallels, and even quote parts of the book.

Can it be just that he isn’t as bright as we thought, and his teachers are interpreting it as laziness? Or could there be something else going on, like a neurodiversity that he was able to compensate for by smartness until now? Socially he has no problems. At home he seems mostly content. He has always required a lot of attention and input though - he can’t be on his own in a room without coming to see where I am and if I’ll entertain him/feed him/chat. His much younger siblings are far more self-sufficient.

Thanks so much for any thoughts for anyone who’s got this far. Right now I don’t know whether he needs a bollocking, some skills training or an Ed Psych assessment!

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Cheeseandmorecheese · 16/01/2026 19:07

BertieBotts · 16/01/2026 19:00

The private ed psychs tend to have high diagnosis rates if I understand correctly, because they screen before they accept people in order that you're not wasting money if there's not a reasonable chance of results. Also because people tend to seek this kind of thing out when their DC is struggling and needs specific support, so they often already have an idea in mind.

Many of them work for the NHS as well as privately and don't give different services either way.

This is really good to know - thanks!

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Cheeseandmorecheese · 16/01/2026 19:05

Octavia64 · 16/01/2026 18:56

Interesting.

does it hurt when he writes? That could be indicative of hand strength issues.

one of things that an EP will do is look at speed of handwriting and letter formation. My DS was very slow and moved onto a laptop. He did his GCSEs on a laptop, made a big difference to him.

I’ve asked if it hurts, and he said only if he has to write a lot. He has a bizarre pencil grip and messy handwriting, but I don’t think he’s unusually slow at writing. He can certainly write at length with a pen if needs be (he aced a history essay assessment last year, after a lot of support at home to get a very detailed plan down on paper beforehand).

I also asked why he dislikes writing - he says it feels weird (?) and he doesn’t see the point (!). He prefers typing but is very slow at that.

He genuinely prefers to do everything in his head (even complex maths problems that I can’t even start to keep in my head!) than put pen to paper.

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BertieBotts · 16/01/2026 19:00

The private ed psychs tend to have high diagnosis rates if I understand correctly, because they screen before they accept people in order that you're not wasting money if there's not a reasonable chance of results. Also because people tend to seek this kind of thing out when their DC is struggling and needs specific support, so they often already have an idea in mind.

Many of them work for the NHS as well as privately and don't give different services either way.

Octavia64 · 16/01/2026 18:56

Cheeseandmorecheese · 16/01/2026 18:47

He won’t write a diary. We have tried, and he would write at most 4-5 words per day. He is REALLY resistant to writing. I wasn’t joking when I said he’ll barely pick up a pen at home. I suppose he might be willing to do it on the laptop, but I’m not certain.

Interesting.

does it hurt when he writes? That could be indicative of hand strength issues.

one of things that an EP will do is look at speed of handwriting and letter formation. My DS was very slow and moved onto a laptop. He did his GCSEs on a laptop, made a big difference to him.

SilverBlue56 · 16/01/2026 18:52

Also, it is better to check this now than wait a d find yourself in Y11 wishing you had.

Cheeseandmorecheese · 16/01/2026 18:50

SunandWine · 16/01/2026 18:46

Just to add to this (I work in an adjacent role and am used to eye rolls from some educators who should know better), a diagnosis isn’t given because parents pay for it, or least not by reputable providers. It’s more true to say that parents pay for assessment because they are desperate - and the timescales for NHS assessments are horrific.

The one piece advice I would suggest is to find a service with a multi-disciplinary team and not an Ed Psych alone. NICE recommends MDT for ADHD assessment and it means that if a diagnosis is not made, they may be better placed to identify other causes (and solutions).

Thank you - this is really helpful and reassuring. I do fear the stigma a bit, as I can just imagine his teachers thinking “honestly - one bad report and his mother wants to pay for some kind of diagnosis instead of telling her son to put more a bit more effort in!”. But I’ve emailed the school SENCo now so am taking this forward.

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SilverBlue56 · 16/01/2026 18:48

An Ed Psych doesn't diagnose - they will look at his learning profile a d make suggestions.

Autism, dyslexia and ADHD all require separate assessments (not by an EP)

I'd start with the ed Psych. They aren't gaining anything apart from the assessment fees as they will give strategies to try and leave you/school to it.

Cheeseandmorecheese · 16/01/2026 18:47

Octavia64 · 16/01/2026 18:43

It will take weeks to months for him to be able to use strategies that you teach him to help structure his writing.

students don’t internalise that kind of stuff quickly.
it’s a long slow process.

you may find it helpful to start him on writing a diary.

He won’t write a diary. We have tried, and he would write at most 4-5 words per day. He is REALLY resistant to writing. I wasn’t joking when I said he’ll barely pick up a pen at home. I suppose he might be willing to do it on the laptop, but I’m not certain.

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SunandWine · 16/01/2026 18:46

Shawdown · 16/01/2026 18:15

I’m a bit reluctant to go down the route of pathologising DS’s issues if there’s any chance he’s just having a temporary blip.

How long are you prepared to wait though?
If he does have issues they need to be recognised. I saw DS’s self-esteem absolutely plummet at school when his issues were unrecognised. He was very bright but couldn’t keep up and didn’t know why. It’s not good for someone, feeling like that, does a lot of harm.

Also, it doesn’t sound like a temporary blip to me. You say you’ve been concerned about his progress for a year or two now.

Just to add to this (I work in an adjacent role and am used to eye rolls from some educators who should know better), a diagnosis isn’t given because parents pay for it, or least not by reputable providers. It’s more true to say that parents pay for assessment because they are desperate - and the timescales for NHS assessments are horrific.

The one piece advice I would suggest is to find a service with a multi-disciplinary team and not an Ed Psych alone. NICE recommends MDT for ADHD assessment and it means that if a diagnosis is not made, they may be better placed to identify other causes (and solutions).

Cheeseandmorecheese · 16/01/2026 18:45

HawaiiWake · 16/01/2026 16:17

We noticed DC in year 6, bad spelling, punctuation issue etc. A family friend suggested using her son’s English tutor, the turnaround was amazing. Basically, the tutor noted that basic spelling mistakes was not corrected so never learn correct spelling. DC was taught how to structure essays etc. Tutor was very upset that the school allowed this to happen and not teach and correct properly. The gap was in the teaching and not being picked up. So maybe get a tutor to look at his work and assist.

This is what I’m wondering - does he just need tutoring or teaching some writing skills, rather than there being anything actually “wrong”? I just picked these sorts of skills up from reading, mostly, but maybe some children don’t? I must have said “use capital letters” at least a billion times over the past 5 years though and it’s made no difference at all.

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Octavia64 · 16/01/2026 18:43

It will take weeks to months for him to be able to use strategies that you teach him to help structure his writing.

students don’t internalise that kind of stuff quickly.
it’s a long slow process.

you may find it helpful to start him on writing a diary.

Motnight · 16/01/2026 18:42

He could be ND and lazy. One doesn't preclude the other.

Cheeseandmorecheese · 16/01/2026 18:40

@starryeyess *I wouldn't rule out ASD, ADHD dysgraphia or dyslexia tbh - or a combination of 2 or more. How is he socially? Did he make a whole group of new good friends at Secondary school?”

He’s fine socially, I think, and has made good new friends with seemingly no bother. He’s also very mature (helps that he’s one of the oldest in the year) and keeps being given “leadership” type roles. Again that slightly makes me doubt myself…

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Cheeseandmorecheese · 16/01/2026 18:32

These answers are really helpful - thank you! I hadn’t realised an Ed Psych report could help even if they don’t actually diagnose something. That sounds genuinely useful. I think we could afford it (though I haven’t checked precise costs yet). Any ideas on how to find a reputable one?

@Shawdown yes I’ve been concerned for a while - but while he continued to get such high grades I assumed I was just being a perfectionist or unfairly comparing him to the students I teach, who are at least 4-6 years older! You’re right that I don’t want his self-esteem (which currently seems fine) to plummet though.

@Octavia64 i think you’re right and we will have to put in a lot more scaffolding at home with organisation of homework. We can also tutor him ourselves if necessary, and he’s very amenable to doing extra work at home if needs be, but so far this hasn’t seemed to help much. We have shown him how to structure essay and sat with him while he does it, and made suggestions for improving things like SPAG - and he’s then done very well indeed - but he seems not to be able to replicate the same strategies when left to his own devices.

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Shawdown · 16/01/2026 18:15

Cheeseandmorecheese · 16/01/2026 14:26

My fear with a private Ed Psych, though, is that they’re unlikely not to find something! I may be being too cynical, but many appear to be set up to make money by precisely that.

This year I notice at least a third of my undergrads have an “inclusion document” that gives them special dispensation with something (extra exam time, exemption from being asked their opinion in seminars etc). I’m a bit reluctant to go down the route of pathologising DS’s issues if there’s any chance he’s just having a temporary blip.

I’m a bit reluctant to go down the route of pathologising DS’s issues if there’s any chance he’s just having a temporary blip.

How long are you prepared to wait though?
If he does have issues they need to be recognised. I saw DS’s self-esteem absolutely plummet at school when his issues were unrecognised. He was very bright but couldn’t keep up and didn’t know why. It’s not good for someone, feeling like that, does a lot of harm.

Also, it doesn’t sound like a temporary blip to me. You say you’ve been concerned about his progress for a year or two now.

Shawdown · 16/01/2026 16:26

The bad report seems to have been a huge shock, and he asked if they’d got the right student!

Ah, the poor lad.
Definitely look for help OP. Get him assessed.
It’s possible things like assistive technology could be a great help to him.

lostmywayrightnow · 16/01/2026 16:22

My DD was a very bright kid who went under the radar until secondary. This sounds very similar op (also ND). Agree re ed psych report etc (pricey and big waiting lists sadly in my area).

Octavia64 · 16/01/2026 16:22

Spag at sats is not integrated into the writing paper.

there is a separate spelling test and grammar test.

see here for example.

it is very possible to do well in this test and not actually use good spag in your writing.

https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/682dbbc6baff3dab99775152/2025_KS2_English_GPS_Paper1_questions.pdf

it sounds like he needs support.

EPs can produce a report that looks in detail at what he can do and what he cannot do. The aim is not to diagnose (although that is sometimes a result) but to give a very specific list of what he can do and what is difficult.

they are quite expensive however.

in your shoes I would be inclined to up the support that you give him - start checking in each evening about what homework he has, keep a list eg on the fridge and double check when he has done it and also check it for quality.

secondary is the point where they start doing longer pieces of writing and structuring them is often a challenge for some students. A tutor can help significantly, or this may be something you can do yourself,

Shawdown · 16/01/2026 16:20

I’d go down the ed psych route too.
A ‘spiky’ profile is often indicative of some kind of ND. And even if he’s not ND an assessment won’t do any harm and could very well help.

HawaiiWake · 16/01/2026 16:17

We noticed DC in year 6, bad spelling, punctuation issue etc. A family friend suggested using her son’s English tutor, the turnaround was amazing. Basically, the tutor noted that basic spelling mistakes was not corrected so never learn correct spelling. DC was taught how to structure essays etc. Tutor was very upset that the school allowed this to happen and not teach and correct properly. The gap was in the teaching and not being picked up. So maybe get a tutor to look at his work and assist.

2026willbebetter · 16/01/2026 16:12

Could also be dyslexia.

Neurodivergent types are often co-occuring.

Overthebow · 16/01/2026 16:09

Cheeseandmorecheese · 16/01/2026 14:41

My sense is his teachers will definitely not think it’s ADHD or similar. They all seem to think he isn’t putting in as much effort anymore. Several said he was distracted, perhaps by his friends (which he denies), and needs a lot of direct stimulus/supervision now to be able complete tasks.

The “needs stimulus/supervision” has always been the case at home. He simply can’t seem to sit down long enough to do something (unless it’s reading or Lego) unless I sit with him. Trying to get him to practise his instrument is a nightmare as he’s constantly out of his seat!

Reading this back, I’m starting to think it does sound like ADHD, doesn’t it? He doesn’t seem to have the “mind racing, going off at tangents” that I notice with my students who have ADHD though, so I assumed it wasn’t that.

I was going to suggest ADHD. I’m diagnosed with ADHD and ASD and he sounds quite similar to me in school. I was well behaved and did very well in primary school and pretty well in GCSEs. My intelligence carried me that far without me having to do a lot. I really struggled at A levels because that was when that wasn’t enough anymore and I needed to work at it, and that’s not something I’m good at/can do by myself if it’s not my special interest topic. I imagine with the way they’ve changed GCSEs that point would come earlier now.

starryeyess · 16/01/2026 15:59

A couple of things. DS in primary school could sit at the back of class, read a bit of his book, miss most of the input and still do really well. He was diagnosed with ASD/dyspraxia age10. In Yr 9 it became apparent that he was struggling and that sitting at the back, unable to filter out distractions (due to ASD) meant that he was missing the input and no longer able to just work it out himself. I managed to get him sat at the front of his classes and it made a huge difference. It sounds like your DS is similar and I'd really recommend him getting sat at the front of his classes as close to the teacher as possible.

Yr 9 was definitely the age where DS couldn't just rely on being clever to keep up any more.

The other thing I noticed was that at GCSE they are taught a very certain way to write in English language, rule of three, similes and all sorts of acronyms to remind them of things to put in their work are really drummed in. DS then thought that was 'the way' to write and was still writing in the same style when it later came to his EPQ. So maybe your DS would benefit from you talking through different styles of writing with him? In your sons case though I'd also assume that he is having to put some much effort into trying to get his complicated thoughts onto the page that he is losing his ability to also think about SPAG - which could actually be dsygraphia.

Can he think better onto a laptop? DS can, so that might possibly help him a little.

I wouldn't rule out ASD, ADHD dysgraphia or dyslexia tbh - or a combination of 2 or more. How is he socially? Did he make a whole group of new good friends at Secondary school? I'd have a read up on all the different ND conditions and see what rings a bell. Poor executive function is also common if you are ND.

Then I'd see an Ed psyche if you can afford it, they'll be able to tell you what his issues are at least even if you don't trust the diagnosis and you can use that report as a basis to then get him diagnosed by the NHS if you want. I wouldn't rely on his teachers to recognise it too be honest, if he is bright and well behaved he might well fly under the radar.

Cheeseandmorecheese · 16/01/2026 15:18

Feelinguselesssigh · 16/01/2026 14:24

Am super dyslexic and as a kid used to read voraciously. So it doesn’t always preclude it.

ask him if he reads all the descriptions of places and characters in books or just focuses on the narrative. If You just care about the story then this turns you into a super fast reader. As you skim the page and skip it if it doesn’t move the story along

Sorry, I missed this comment!

I will ask - and it’s definitely true that he likes strong plot - but surely this can’t be the case if he’s reading long analysis articles about populism in the US or the rise of Islam in the Middle East for fun?!

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Cheeseandmorecheese · 16/01/2026 14:51

Blinkofaneye2 · 16/01/2026 14:49

Lots of headteachers at secondary schools will tell you that bright kids who've masked well and been top of everything at primary school are undiagnosed until they get to senior school. It's really very common.

How interesting. I had no idea. Thank you very much for this. I will discuss with DH and think about next steps. And will definitely hold off on the bollocking!

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