I think in the grammar school debate it is very important keep sight of the most important principles
The grammar school system exists on the assumption that
- Their tests only select for the most able students in terms of "natural ability" in academics
- Grouping these students together in one school improves their educational outcomes
- Grammars schools have a positive impact on social mobility and education across society
Grammar school tests:
There is no external oversight of grammar school tests. There is no rigorous scientific process by which tests are examined and compared. There are no scientific publications demonstarting these tests actually fulfil the their intended purposes.
So why are grammar school tests a valid method of selection for 11-year olds?
And why should we be funding this opaque, possibly scientifically unsound selection process with the state education budget?
Grammer school progress scores:
If grammar schools truly added more value than non-selective schools, we would expect them to significantly outperform comprehensives when prior attainment is controlled for.
Education Policy Institute (EPI) Report (2018):
Found that once prior attainment was accounted for, grammar schools provided only a very small progress advantage over non-selective schools.
In fact, pupils with similar academic ability in high-performing comprehensives made nearly identical progress as their grammar school counterparts.
The report concluded that “grammar schools do not provide a better boost to progress compared to similar pupils in comprehensive schools.”
Grammar schools and social mobility:
Multiple large-scale studies have found no significant evidence that grammar schools have a meaningful positive impact on social mobility.
Sutton Trust (2017):
Found that grammar school students were less likely to come from disadvantaged backgrounds ( this is independent of FSM)
Disadvantaged pupils who did attend grammar schools still had similar GCSE outcomes to comparable students in good comprehensive schools.
The report concluded that grammar schools do not offer a unique social mobility advantage.
Education Policy Institute (2016):
Found that disadvantaged pupils in grammar schools were still less likely to enter elite universities than their wealthier peers, even when they had similar grades.
This suggests that socioeconomic background continues to play a role in educational outcomes, even for those who pass the 11+.
Given this body of evidence, I think it is correct that we question whether the state should continue to fund grammar schools.