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11+ test: I think it's unfair and elitist

334 replies

ParentOfOne · 12/01/2025 13:06

We are helping our child prepare for the 11+ test, to apply for some selective and partially selective state schools (we won't be going private).

She is doing quite well, so, from a purely selfish perspective, I should be happy.
However, I can't help but think that the test is elitist and unfair

  • it favours children who are well-rounded, and who are so at 11ish. A child who develops well academically but later, and/or who is stronger in the verbal part than the non-verbal, or viceversa, won't do well
  • state schools do not typically prepare children for these kinds of tests, so the family situation becomes a huge differentiator: if your parents are more educated, and/or take you to the library, and/or can pay for tutoring, you'll have a huge advantage. Libraries have books to prepare for the test, but a teenager can go to the library alone, not a 10-year old.
  • some of the verbal part is honestly too hard for a child of this age. I am not sure it is appropriate to expect that 10-11 year olds know vocabulary such as cantankerous, recalcitrant, cogitations, etc
  • children who speak a Latin language (maybe also Greek? Not sure) have a huge advantage guessing the meaning of the more complex words. French-speaking, Spanish-speaking kids etc are much more likely to guess the meaning of initiate, abound etc even if they are not avid readers

My sense is that the brilliant child of parents who are uneducated, don't speak another language, don't take their children to the library etc stands almost no chance vs a less academic, less brilliant middle to upper middle class child who enjoys all the other advantages mentioned above.

There is of course the separate topic of whether it is even appropriate to separate kids by academic success, but my point is not about that, it is that the 11+ test is a very poor assessment because it doesn't take into account all the other factors.

Thoughts?

OP posts:
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ParentOfOne · 12/01/2025 16:07

@ThisPageIsBlank
On the tests used by universities and employers: you cannot compare tests administered to young adults in their late teens - early 20s to tests given to 10-year olds!

I remain of the opinion that, for 10-year olds, it is more important to be tested on something that will be familiar to their school curriculum. A teenager or university student can go to the library and practice these tests even if their parents are ignorant or lazy - not so much for a 10-year old.

I also suspect (but happy to hear from those who know more) that, by the time you are 18-21, a person has pretty much developed. Not so for a 10-year old, plus every kids can develop at a different pace.

So, no, your examples are not relevant to the 11+

Lastly, I am not an expert in the area so I cannot have a fully informed, scientific opinion. I do, however note that:

  • the tests administered by employers seem to change with fashions and trends. There were times where everyone swore by the merit of brainteasers and questions like "estimate how many trees there are in London", then the fashion changed and many HR directors have come out saying it was all a bit BS
  • You seem to misunderstand how the recruitment in for-profit entities works. They don't care about having the best system, they only care about a system that roughly works for them. If their system helps them find good candidates, they won't care much that it was discriminatory vs other candidates who could have done just as well in the job

IQ tests also work on a similar kind of basis.
I thought this was a hugely controversial topic, with some, but not all, psychologists and pedagogy experts convinced it was all a bit bull?

I don't understand why the UK refuses to look at effective models from other countries and emulate them when they are proven to have better outcomes.
Such as? Genuine question. I am fascinated by the topic but I'll admit I don't know much about it. I am intrigued by the Finnish system and I have a couple of books on that in my to-read list

OP posts:
MrsSkylerWhite · 12/01/2025 16:02

That’s life.

Jean24601Valjean · 12/01/2025 16:01

I can see the point but can't get particularly worked up about it when private education supports and enables a much greater and more damaging inequality. I live in a country where there is almost zero private education and it's wildly frustrating that the UK can't seem to even imagine this as a possibility.

BigSilly · 12/01/2025 15:59

We are a wc family I would say and all my kids passed by doing a set of practice papers bought for £10 from wh Smith. They didn't need any explanation of how to do the questions, but getting up to speed and a bit of familiarity is important.
I don't know who produces 21+ where you are but here it is GL Assessment and the VR does not require a large vocabulary, it is all about being able to stop relationships and patterns, and flexibility of thought. Although having said that I don't think 'cantankerous' is an unusual word.

ThisPageIsBlank · 12/01/2025 15:52

I'd also note that some of the most competitive graduate schemes recruiting from the top universities use very similar (but obviously harder and more time pressured!) non-verbal reasoning tests as part of their sifting of applications so that they can differentiate between the thousands of applicants applying for, say, 50 places.

If you have thousands of applications from people who all have degrees from great universities and high A level results etc, you need some way to sift them down and this method is extremely common. If it wasn't an effective way of getting to the fundamentals of who is the most intelligent then I doubt this would have remained standard practice for so long, as the initial sifting method.

Then those who pass that screening go on to further stages where soft skills etc are tested through group exercises/ challenges and interviews.

IQ tests also work on a similar kind of basis. Any system will be imperfect and have limitations but I think the focus on the UK in abolishing anything that may be unfair to a few outliers rather than trying to modify it to account for that has led to overall worse outcomes for all. It would be far better to focus energy on what can be done to better tailor education to the specific skills and abilities of different children through provision of a greater variety of schools focusing on different specialities (plus core subjects, of course) so that all children have a chance to develop their own individual talents.

Trying to pretend everyone is the same won't make them so. The one size fits all approach has completely failed and it should have been obvious it was never going to be beneficial for the majority of children.

I don't understand why the UK refuses to look at effective models from other countries and emulate them when they are proven to have better outcomes. It is the same in so many areas of public policy (healthcare, education, energy, pensions etc).

ParentOfOne · 12/01/2025 15:52

@Anothermathstutor If you are a reasonably intelligent parent, you can definitely teach your child using online resources, provided your child listens and responds well to you (not hugely common).

I agree, and I believe I had made a very similar point. If your parents are millionaires this doesn't guarantee you will ace the 11+ test, sure.
But familiar involvement is crucial.
You don't need millionaire parents, but parents who take an interest and dedicate time to helping you, even if only with cheap resources like online material and library books, remain hugely helpful. If you don't have that, your chances of acing the 11+ do not go to zero but certainly plummet significantly.

@ThisPageIsBlank Many children might not be a good fit for that but have other skills. The existence of grammar schools doesn't devalue other different skills that children may have, that should also be developed by other schools tailored towards those areas of learning. What seems to be lacking in the UK system is those other schools...

I am not sure I follow. Do you mean that there should be other schools which are academic, but which give children to time to develop at different paces, and which let children flourish even if they excel at some subjects but not all?
Or are you implying, like historically many advocates of the grammar system did, that whoever doesn't make it into a grammar is necessarily a less academic child?

Yes, in theory there should be other schools.
However, in practice, the number of schools in a given area is limited.

If you are lucky enough to live in a school with good grammar and good non-grammar schools, great, fantastic.
However, I suspect there aren't many such areas, and I suspect it's more common to live in an area where the presence of a grammar has a detrimental effect on the other schools. That's the practical point which your theoretical argument seems to ignore.

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ParentOfOne · 12/01/2025 15:45

@hamstersarse What would you say would be a fair test?

A test which is in more in line with what kids do at school will be fairer.
As will a system which ranks students by ability, but does so differently by subject and over time, like for example the concept of sets, whereby you can be in the top set for maths and the middle set for English today, and maybe next year be in the top set for both or whatever. This would be fairer because it wouldn't penalise the children who excel in one subject but not another, and it wouldn't penalise those who develop (academically) later than others, ie you can make it t the top set at 13 even if you weren't in the top set at 11.

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ParentOfOne · 12/01/2025 15:41

@ThisPageIsBlank This is rubbish

No, it's not.
You seem to forget that single cases are, per se, irrelevant.
The point is not what your father achieved, but how representative, or not, his situation was. Can you honestly say it was representative?

I know two people who come from very, very humble backgrounds, got into grammar schools, then Oxbridge, and are now having amazing careers.

One has turned into a stereotypical neo-conservative with zero empathy: he thinks that if he did it, anyone can, that if you achieved less than him it's your own fault for being less intelligent than him, that luck and other factors are irrelevant, etc.

The other takes a much more nuanced approach: has little time for lazy teenagers who could go to the library without their parents etc, but realises that the family and social context plays a much bigger role in your exam success when you are aged 10-11.

You seem to follow the former approach. I find the latter much more reasonable and convincing

A system shouldn't be abolished because it is imperfect.

No, but it should be abolished if it is inherently unfair.
I wasn't just talking about removing a few arcane words from the test, but about the inherent unfairness of favouring those children who are both well-rounded and are so at that specific age, and in a test which is so alien to primary school curriculum that, even without tutoring, children need to spend significant time to familiarise themselves with it

OP posts:
Anothermathstutor · 12/01/2025 15:40

Burntt · 12/01/2025 14:16

Algebra is on the 11+. They take the 11+ in the October of year 6 I believe? And yet algebra isn't on the NC until year 6. So without tutoring or parental input preparation for the test they are being tested on content the haven't learned. They also don't teach the non verbal reasoning in school but you can practice this with a tutor or at home.

It's certainly not fair on the children who's families don't make the effort to fill the gap in school teaching. And it's not fair to those families who do try to fill the gaps but financially are not able to get a tutor.

This isn’t correct. Algebra is taught in year 1 yet you aren’t used to calling it algebra. KS1 Y1 curriculum literally tells you on page 7
https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5a7da548ed915d2ac884cb07/PRIMARY_national_curriculum_-_Mathematics_220714.pdf

We tutor 11+. There are many wealthy families. However, the best performing are those from cultures and ethnic groups that value education. The parents will sit with them and they will practise from Y3 onwards. Education is highly valued and that’s clear in their performance. Those families are sometimes well off and sometimes not. If you are a reasonably intelligent parent, you can definitely teach your child using online resources, provided your child listens and responds well to you (not hugely common).

https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5a7da548ed915d2ac884cb07/PRIMARY_national_curriculum_-_Mathematics_220714.pdf

hamstersarse · 12/01/2025 15:37

What would you say would be a fair test?

HellofromJohnCraven · 12/01/2025 15:35

Well of course it is. We deliberately chose to avoid it (lived in Bedfordshire rather than Bucks, moved to Sussex rather than Kent)

ThisPageIsBlank · 12/01/2025 15:33

Sorry, I meant to write "or children who've had tutoring".

The non-verbal reasoning tests seem to be designed precisely to account for any discrepancies in maths or English levels resulting from variances in prjmary education, remove disadvantages from dyslexia or other language difficulties, and instead test logical reasoning, attention to detail, ability to grasp new ideas quickly. No system will ever be perfect but having just looked up some questions to see examples, they are self-explanatory and shouldn't require any practice for someone with the right abilities.

I think it's odd to say it is in some way discriminatory when the entire point is that these schools are designed to provide a particular type of education for children with specific academic skills that can be developed by those schools.

Many children might not be a good fit for that but have other skills. The existence of grammar schools doesn't devalue other different skills that children may have, that should also be developed by other schools tailored towards those areas of learning. What seems to be lacking in the UK system is those other schools...

It was insane to think that instead of setting up good secondary provision focused on children's individual talents in the arts or technical or practical skills with links to industry and decent apprenticeships etc it was better to largely abolish decent academic education for those able to benefit from it and impose a one size fits all system, subjecting those not able to benefit from it to a pretence of it and thereby wasting their others skills and turning them off learning entirely while simultaneously preventing academic children from learning either because of the resulting disruption from those who don't want to/ can't do it and are forced into the same classrooms.

All so totally dysfunctional and benefits nobody.

ParentOfOne · 12/01/2025 15:33

titchy · 12/01/2025 14:50

And has it only just occurred to you that parents who can afford tutoring are at an advantage!

I'm not sure what the point of this tone is.

No, of course I had always imagined that tutoring + class would have provided an advantage to certain children.

But it wasn't fully clear to me how alien from the primary school curriculum the 11+ test was, and therefore it wasn't fully clear to me how huge this advantage can be.

OP posts:
ThisPageIsBlank · 12/01/2025 15:14

My sense is that the brilliant child of parents who are uneducated, don't speak another language, don't take their children to the library etc stands almost no chance vs a less academic, less brilliant middle to upper middle class child who enjoys all the other advantages mentioned above.

This is rubbish. There were no grammar schools where I grew up but my father grew up in extremely deprived circumstances with uneducated parents who didn't understand the point of education. He was one of the top scorers on the 11+ and subsequently went to Oxbridge.

However, while poor people who'd had very limited education themselves both his parents were very intelligent. We know that intelligence is roughly 80% heritable. Very bright children will therefore pass the 11+ usually even with no other advantages, which is one of the main reasons social mobility has declined since most grammar schools were abolished.

Of course mediocre children who have been to prep schools or children unfortunately will score more highly than they naturally would, but no system is perfect and life is inherently unfair. A system shouldn't be abolished because it is imperfect.

Perhaps some adjusting of result by school attended should take place as for university applications to try to correct for it. A review of the tests to ensure that they test inherent intelligence, reasoning and academic ability rather than knowledge would also be a sensible step, as your comments on vocabulary demonstrate. And perhaps some option to re-test at 13 and an expansion of places from YR9 upwards, to enable late developers to join later than YR7.

However, if the general intention is to identify the most intelligent children who will benefit most from a rigorous academic education (which will in turn benefit society as a whole) then in principle the system is appropriate and may simply need honing. Throwing the baby out with the bathwater and abolishing the system in much of the country has been immensely negative for highly intelligent children without the means to go to private school.

Meanwhile provision for children for whom grammar schools would not be appropriate also needs an enormous overhaul so that it is appropriate and useful education that actually provides skills that lead to decent careers.

Hoppinggreen · 12/01/2025 15:05

Moonlightstars · 12/01/2025 13:45

Did she genuinely go into that test without having ever seen non-verbal reasoning and just cracked on with it? In which case she's a genius! My daughter was never tutored privately but we got her the practice books and a few past papers. So we basically tutored her. Her friend however didn't pass the 11 plus but it's academically much cleverer but her parents didn't show her any papers or show her what nonverbal reasoning was. She did go on and smash her GCSEs though at the state school she went to.

Exactly, a lot of DC at State school with no 11+ prep won't even have seen a multiple choice format.
I cannot belive that any State kid could get a Grammar place without at the very least doing practice papers so they understood what the exam looked like and how it all worked.
A good friend of mine is a teacher at Grammar and invigilates the 11+ , she says every year some DC turn over the paper and just don't know what to do having never been in a similar situation.
I do agree that intensive tutouring to squeeze kids into achieving a place is a bad idea but giving them the tools to at least understand HOW to approach the papers is doing them a dis service

Shinyandnew1 · 12/01/2025 15:01

always think 11+ is a misnomer as many if not most DC taking it are 10

The name came from the exam to determine your education route 'from 11+', rather than it being named after the age you were sitting it.

thing47 · 12/01/2025 14:59

@clary grammar schools certainly don't have a monopoly on good teachers so I'm not surprised at the story about your dad. I had one DC at GS and one at Secondary Modern (2 school years apart) and several of the GS students went to the maths teacher at the SR for tutoring...

Things can be different now but various elements have to fall into place - strong HT and SLT, good teachers, bad behaviour clamped down on so those who want to learn can do so, an ambitious (academicaly) peer group, supportive home environment etc

titchy · 12/01/2025 14:50

And has it only just occurred to you that parents who can afford tutoring are at an advantage!

titchy · 12/01/2025 14:48

Are you in a grammar area or applying for a super-selective?

Both will have RE on the timetable btw Wink

privatenonamegiven · 12/01/2025 14:43

While I agree with you - I'm more bothered about private schools than grammar schools in terms of being unfair and elitist .

comewhinewith · 12/01/2025 14:42

We live in a grammar school area, I think if I'd realised this when we settled here, I'd never have chosen it.

My DC is not at the grammar, although his old friends from primary school are. DC currently says he'd rather be top stream at high school than struggling at grammar so hopefully he's in the right place for him.

I'd get away with grammar schools and gave proper comprehensives with a wide range of abilities.

clary · 12/01/2025 14:40

PerpetualOptimist · 12/01/2025 14:11

It is disingenuous to say that considering a grammar is 'optional', as suggested by a PP, as the mere presence of a grammar has a detrimental impact on surrounding non-grammar schools; even if alternative adjacent or near-adjacent schools style themselves as comprehensive, they are de facto secondary moderns with the structural disadvantages that flow from that. In particular, for those living deep inside a grammar county, like Kent and Lincs, there will be absolutely no alternative to the grammar/secondary modern dichotomy.

Yeh S Lincs is where I am from and the alternative if you failed (which us the word everyone used) the 11+ was the school my dad taught at.

My dad was a great teacher, funny and knowledgable and truly caring. The lads he taught were looking towards a job at 16 with a handful of CSEs. I hope things are different now but I’m not sure how different they can be.

thing47 · 12/01/2025 14:35

Yes @ParentOfOne all the pedagogic research indicates that children mature academically at different rates and the 'brightest' (for want of a better term) at 10 will not necessarily be the brightest at 16, 18 or later. The grammar schools themselves know there is little direct link between 11+ scores and GCSE results 5 years later, though for obvious reasons they don't tend to shout about this 😀

The reasons for different maturity rates are myriad and pertain to both in-school and out-of-school factors. I can offer some ideas if anyone's interested but it feels a little outwith the scope of this thread.

Burntt · 12/01/2025 14:16

Algebra is on the 11+. They take the 11+ in the October of year 6 I believe? And yet algebra isn't on the NC until year 6. So without tutoring or parental input preparation for the test they are being tested on content the haven't learned. They also don't teach the non verbal reasoning in school but you can practice this with a tutor or at home.

It's certainly not fair on the children who's families don't make the effort to fill the gap in school teaching. And it's not fair to those families who do try to fill the gaps but financially are not able to get a tutor.

PerpetualOptimist · 12/01/2025 14:11

It is disingenuous to say that considering a grammar is 'optional', as suggested by a PP, as the mere presence of a grammar has a detrimental impact on surrounding non-grammar schools; even if alternative adjacent or near-adjacent schools style themselves as comprehensive, they are de facto secondary moderns with the structural disadvantages that flow from that. In particular, for those living deep inside a grammar county, like Kent and Lincs, there will be absolutely no alternative to the grammar/secondary modern dichotomy.