Universal Credit spelt out
A Lone Parent, with two children aged 3yo and 5yo, who works for 20 Hours a week, over 3 days, for NMW (£6.08/hr). The Lone parent in this scenario does not have to pay Tax or NI as her earnings are on the threshold of £121.60/wk.
If we assume this Lone Parent is living in the SE, and is paying rent on a 2-bed HA house of £120/wk, and her Nursery fees are £50 a day per child. However, this Lone Parent is allowed to use 3 of her Nursery vouchers for the 3yo towards the cost of the nursery place ? which will take off £15 a day. But they only get the vouchers for 38 weeks each year. This lone parent also has to pay £18 a day for after-school club for the 5yo, and £40 a day for holiday club for the 5yo during school holidays. The total childcare fees are £861.00 p/cm.
Under the current Tax Credits system, the Lone parent would get:
CTC - £258.33
WTC - £322.50
ChB - £146.03
HB - £520.00
WTC childcare element - £502.95
Earnings - £526.93
A total of £2,276.74
Under the new Universal Credit system, the Lone parent would get:
Earnings - £526.93
UC personal allowance - £292.50
UC 2 dependent children - £425.84
UC Housing - £520.00
UC Childcare - £502.95
Maximum earnings disregard for a Lone parent with two children will be £750.00 p/cm. For any earnings over the earnings disregard, 65p in every £1 will be deducted from the UC. Also, if there are housing costs included in the UC, the maximum earnings disregard will be reduced by 1.5 times whatever those housing costs are. The minimum earnings disregard for a Lone parent with two children is £253.33 p/cm. The lone Parent will get whichever disregard is higher ? the one after housing costs, or the minimum, as the disregard will not go below the minimum for that circumstance.
Now it gets complicated...1.5 times the housing is £780.00. Which is greater than the maximum earnings disregard of £750.00. So this Lone Parent gets the minimum earnings disregard of £253.33.
£526.93 (earnings) - £253.33 (min disregard) = £273.60
£273.60 / 100 = 2.736 x 65 = £177.84
So 65% of her earnings OVER her earnings disregard is £177.84. That is how much her UC will be reduced by.
Maximum UC is £1,741.29. Which is still under the £2,166.67 p/cm UC cap. Less 65% of the earnings OVER the disregard leaves £1,563.45.
Total UC - £1,563.45.
PLUS earnings - £2,090.38
Which will leave that Lone Parent getting £2,276.74 - £2,090.38 = £186.36 LESS p/cm Under UC than TC?s.