Apologies for coming so late to the posting party on this thread.
The proper research, not that backed by nurseries or mere opinion by so called child experts with no meaningful qualifications, is clear. Avoid childcare under 3...unless the parent(s) cannot provide adequate provision for their children in which case good quality childcare may be better given the alternative.
My partner is a child clinical psychologist and has educated me on this topic. We never used nursery before 3.
I add my own common sense...humans are well undeveloped when born compared to other species...when some mammals are born they walk within minutes, they can move and have some form of autonomy. A human typically takes at least a year to walk and when they do they toddle around it's without awareness of threats. This physical difference is mirrored with the mental development. Human babies are not well developed. They need nurture and protection, to feel safe. To be left to cry or not soothered by a primary care give will stress the hell out of them. People think babies learn from controlled crying...they can't learn at that age ...they give up...damage is caused. Same with the stress caused not being soothered by the primary care giver. This damage will last a life time. Why are we seeing such a rise in anxiety and mental health issues...the way we treat babies is a contributing factor.
You are right about the socialising thing. A load of rubbish. Before the age of three kids don't need to 'socialise' with each other kids. If a child is securely attached from a sound first three years with a primary care giver they will socialise well when they go to nursery or school.
The best primary carer initially for a baby is typically the mother. However I believe parents should work together to raise their children. From one its much easier for the dad to care for the child for longer and parents can mix up work and childcare. (things don't always go to plan but you should look at the optimal and work/adapt from there). Ideally help from family and friend is also good...this could include outsourcing chores to them like house work/cook you a meal etc...if they understand the importance of child attachment they will hopefully want to support you and your child in the best way possible.
The most precious thing in your life should be your child. Why outsource their care? Companies don't outsource the thing they do best. As a parent you are the best carer for your child, don't outsource it.
If any doubts on the research...why risk it?
Life is hard. Raising children, especially in a society promoting childcare and subsidising it is hard. Raising children is seen as a burden and less value than a job. There is nothing more important than a child and parents should be encouraged to raise them. The children will benefit and so will society. Parents should take pride in being a parent. Being there through the first three years is the most important thing a parent can give a child.
I recommend Steve Biddulph books Raising Boys or Raising Girls. I've read Raising boys and is invaluable to understand what boys need through to adulthood from their parents and society. I'm sure Raising girls is equally as good.
If you need to do nursery before 3 don't beat yourself up. Awareness of the issue will help you give them what they need when you are with them.