@Scoffingbiscuits and @HolidayHideaway ,
I agree re nukes.
If you assign any reasonably probability of them being used in a year and think it has to be binomially distributed, over half a century or a century it becomes a significant probability.
And we have had some very near misses. (Details below courtesy of AI, it does have its uses). From memory, the 1983 one was literally one man’s instantaneous decision away from Armageddon.
The Cuban Missile Crisis (1962): During a blockade, US warships dropped depth charges on a Soviet submarine. Unaware they were practice charges, the sub's commander wanted to launch a nuclear torpedo. Second-in-command Vasili Arkhipov refused to give his required consent, saving the world from nuclear retaliation. 1]
The Soviet Early Warning False Alarm (1983): Lieutenant Colonel Stanislav Petrov was on duty when Soviet satellites reported a US intercontinental ballistic missile strike. Suspecting a computer error rather than a real attack, he disobeyed protocol and reported it as a false alarm, which it turned out to be (triggered by sunlight glinting off clouds). 1]
The 1980 Faulty Computer Chip: A defective computer chip in a US NORAD communication system falsely signaled that hundreds, and then thousands, of Soviet missiles were incoming. Strategic bombers scrambled and missile crews prepped for war before the system was identified as a glitch. 1]