It will depend very much on the individual. How capable they are or not in all sorts of areas of life.
I can only really give the examples in my family, but what sticks out is being in control of their own destiny. The more intelligent and capable the person, the quicker they are able to make their own choices and this is a game changer.
One of the most difficult things, I have learnt, is the verbalisation and therefore acknowledgement of those present that there is a rule. It creates an urge to not "kowtow" to it, or to the one who enforces it.
However, as it has been explained to me, if the "rule" comes from a third party, and is not communicated as a direct order, rather as an understandable and reasonable argument to do something in a certain way, then this is not as triggering. This explanation appears rational and something the person would have done anyway, had they been in charge. In reality they feel like they are not following orders because they are doing exactly what they would have done anyway in this circumstance. I have learnt this from my highly intelligent teen.
Going back to what happens when they get older. I think it depends a lot on how much self awareness they have. Do they have the capabilities to select an occupation which fits them well? Can they adequately compromise enough within friendships or relationships?
Abiding to rules from the state, for example taxes and such like are completely different to being told what to do.
With other family members, who were Autistic with severe learning difficulties
"The man" ( seems sexist now but was of its time) was an unknown entity who controlled life. He decided the rules of society and would be "cross" should things be done incorrectly. "The man" would be cross if you played with the fruit at the supermarket or ran around the shop. He decided lots of things without ever showing his face and he permitted our parents to get out of saying no, yet effectively achieved the outcome of a no. There was no chance of my sibling contradicting "the man", he wasn't there to argue with.