The best writing about Covid 19 IMO is by 'M.D' in Private Eye.
The random nature of the virus is what spooks us - the fact that it can, and has, struck anyone anywhere at any time.
Having said that, most of us won't know anyone who has had it, especially if we're middle class, suburban/rural and in good health.
The lockdown was necessary because (i) unlike Germany we don't have 'track & trace' in place (ii) the Chinese were a week late giving us the necessary information, ergo (iii) our government was a week late imposing the lockdown, leading to a more severe spike in cases & deaths and a longer lockdown.
In sum, everyone was inconvenienced and the economy trashed in order to protect vulnerable groups. Which is where it gets interesting. We would all probably tolerate these restrictions in order to protect our own grandmother/grandfather (who might be ill/overweight/have diabetes already), but perhaps we're not so willing to make sacrifices for other people's grandparents.
Psychologically, we can tolerate suffering in these situations if we truly believe that everyone is suffering together, which is why most people rooted for Boris when he got it and were so furious about the Cummings episode.
A crisis brings out both the best and the worst in everyone, just as in wartime not everyone behaves heroically or even honourably.
One more thought. After WW2, people were determined that the poverty of the 1930s should be consigned to history, and they elected a government that gave us the welfare state, for which I for one am very grateful. It now falls to this government to do something similar and use this crisis to address the obscene level of inequality in the UK, inequality that has risen exponentially since about 1980. People now desperately want some levelling up, and if that means taxing those who have done well a bit more then so be it. If the govt have the courage to do that, then out of this adversity might emerge a fairer nation. Let's hope so.