Ooh you do know 'stuff' - you're a great person to chat with. (I love philosophical discussions - nobody at home will indulge me ).
You're wrong about the "view that starts with the self" though. I used to think that about the theistic religions actually - that they were intrinsically selfish; motivation for living ethically comes from knowing you're valued by an omnipotent being who has a plan for you and through that 'force' it will all come right in the end. External 'rules'.
I wonder if that's a western thing?
But their promotion of healthy living (avoiding excesses of alcohol, sex, careless relationships etc) ultimately benefits everyone. The whole community benefits from having healthy, mentally well individuals.
Moreover, I've only come to understand recently that you are best placed to practice forgiveness and offer support to other people if you're at peace with yourself. You will be less needy, less likely to succumb to destructive behaviours such as fighting, less jealous, greedy etc. It's only when you accept the unchanging aspects of your situation and don't feel the need to be competitive, desperate to be considered sexually attractive etc that you can genuinely be strong enough to act compassionately through compassion for your fellow human beings.
The religions you cited can provide this through belief in a loving, forgiving, omnipotent god. Buddhism does it through enabling and encouraging practices that foster self-awareness and acceptance of our connectedness to everything else (to put it crudely). The Buddhist meditations are sometimes focused on mindfulness of one's self, but as often as not, on developing one's default setting as 'loving kindness' towards all beings.
FWIW, my interest in religion, as a 'thing' and then Buddhism in particular came from my desire to find a source of encouragement to live more ethically. Living ethically usually results in being more at peace with yourself. 'Clear conscience' if you like. Pumping up the metta muscle (loving kindness).
My 'faith' is very simplistic. I now believe that actions have consequences. Even if only directly for oneself, the practice of being mindful of one's situation, which involves being aware that one shares a place and time with other human beings obviously) of having an awareness of my motivations - competitiveness, spiritual pride, desire for approval, whatever else; will have a positive effect on the people I interact with. In fact Buddhism discourages a view of oneself as one set being and promotes the ability to think and act without the constraints of identifying as anything.
Paganism, as far as my extremely limited understanding goes, promotes a healthy respect for our place in nature.
All this has a beneficial effect on the whole community; individuals happy to share, to collaborate with each other for a common good instead of pursuing individual interests.
Religion is all about living harmoniously with other people as far as I can see. IMO the religious leaders were excellent psychologists who understood that people who feel they aren't valued by anyone (including themselves) are more likely to behave in ways harmful to themselves and others, being destructive, violent etc. But also that there are difficulties for even the gentlest person in living in a community. They have provided a narrative for practices that lead to well-being. Self-discipline and restraint are practised through religious rites and rituals as far as I can see. Such as fasting during Ramadan. Will power is improved by exercising will power! Whether your reason is to be a good muslim or to develop your ability to be compassionate the results will probably be benficial. IMO.
I hope this is not offensive to muslim people though. Apologies if I'm being insensitive. I won't be fasting..... Easy for me to talk in the abstract....