Hi, here's my friends feedback:
Almaty is the commercial capital. All the embassies were moved to Astana, Almaty is a big beautiful city surrounded by snow-capped mountains and full of cafes, restaurants, parks, etc.
when we were there, they were two big modern malls with designer shops skating rinks etc. they were quite a few well-stocked supermarkets as well, including Turkish and German ones containing everything you might need.
Accommodation was surprisingly expensive at the time as there was a lot of demand from the expat community. Some with nice gyms etc but no compounds. Big houses were popular with expats with big budgets, some with pools and jacuzzis.
It was very safe from my experience but rich locals liked to flaunt their wealth with big cars expensive clothes and bodyguards!
There was one international school when we got there, an American one called Almaty International School. By the time we left 2 years later, there was a new British one. They were both popular with rich local kids so the ratio of English-speakers to non-speakers was not favorable in my opinion.
Although the temperature plummeted to below -35 -40 c in winter, the roads were always cleared promptly and schools never closed. They are used to and prepared for this weather. It's +40 in summer though!
We didn't see much poverty as unemployment rates were very low. It wasn't hard to find a house-keeper and nanny but it didn't come cheap. We had a driver as it is not advised to drive due to road conditions, easily-bribed policemen, and lack of GPS and good maps!!
Language was a huge barrier for me since I don't speak Russian but more and more young people are speaking English. I didn't find local people very friendly which doesn't help.
My biggest problem there was healthcare. Local hospitals were still run in the soviet-style, with modern equipment and western medicine, but again language! We used the only international clinic where a single western doctor changed every few months. We would have had to evacuate to Europe for something as simple as a broken leg!
Hope it helps!