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Guest post: "This outdated judgement of unmarried mothers must end"

204 replies

MumsnetGuestPosts · 22/03/2016 10:25

When a pregnant woman's partner dies and she is left to raise their baby, support, sympathy and space to recover are all anyone can and should give. Yet for some mothers in the midst of this grief, the state offers not help but hassle.

If a woman did not marry the father of her unborn child before he passed away, the registrar cannot put his name on the baby's birth certificate as a listed parent. It doesn't matter how long the baby's mother and father were together, or how clearly they were in a committed relationship.

Although this sounds like an antiquated scenario, it shows that the fight for equality still has many battles to take on today. Our laws are yet to catch up with how people live.

The rigidness of the registration process means registrars do not have any discretion. Instead, legislation around birth certificates, dating back to 1958, requires the high court to decide whether the mother of the baby is telling the truth about who the father is. This inevitably comes at great expense to families as they are forced to get legal representation. Furthermore, the widow has to go through the dehumanising task of getting DNA evidence to prove who her child's father is - because naturally, an unmarried mother cannot be trusted on her word alone.

This was the case for Joana, a resident of Walthamstow. Her partner died suddenly three weeks before the birth of their second child. She was forced through an arduous and lengthy process to prove that the same man who was father to her first child was also father to her second. The bill was £1,000 and came at a time when she was grieving.The costs for Joana and her family were far more than financial.

In contrast, Kate had a very different experience. Her partner was diagnosed with terminal cancer and died two weeks later. They decided to get married in the intensive care unit following his diagnosis. So, when their child was born a few months after his death, his name went on the birth certificate with no questions asked. Due to a 15 minute marriage ceremony which cost £27, Kate was also able to claim £2,000 bereavement benefit and an ongoing Widowed Parent's Allowance of £510 a month. Joana was denied both of these. Thankfully for both Joana and Kate, Widowed and Young was on hand to support in a way the state did not.

Some may try to dismiss this as a fuss over a piece of paper. I disagree.

Following the death of a father, it becomes even more important to remember and record their role in a family. It cannot be right that the state instead casts a disparaging glance. In our supposedly modern bureaucracy, the outdated judgement of the 'unmarried mother' seeps through - as though it is marriage that guarantees the parentage of a child. This is not only cruel but also inconsistent given that cohabiting couples are treated as equal to married couples when it comes to taxation. Indeed, it is only when a partner dies that the law apparently changes.

The prime minister once stated that his government would be remembered as the one that "finished the fight for real equality". No one can doubt there has been progress. Marriage equality has been signed into law and the Married Couple's Allowance has been extended to cohabiting couples. Yet issues like this show the battle for equality for all families is not yet won.

We need a simple change to the legislation on registrations of births, deaths and marriages. Registrars need to have the flexibility to use their own judgement to address such situations with dignity and sensitivity. It may be too late now for Joana - but it is not too late to end this slur on the unmarried and instead register ourselves as living in 2016. To sign Joana's petition please visit here.

OP posts:
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tabulahrasa · 22/03/2016 13:52

Why does it have to be on her word alone?

Why couldn't it be something like...I don't know, showing a death certificate plus proof of living at the same address for a certain amount of time to the registrar?

I'm pretty sure an easier process doesn't have to involve no process at all.

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Rosenwyn · 22/03/2016 13:58

Don't really see the big issue here. Having a DNA test is a big hassle which you would rather avoid but I would hardly call it a "humiliation". Perhaps there is an argument for updating the law a bit but I don't think the emotive language in the op is really helping the case. The current law is not a judgement on anyone.

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jonesstar · 22/03/2016 13:59

As far as I understand its about making the process less painful. Why waste public money on a court case? My friend who lives in Switzerland told me paternity is declared at the first antenatal appointment. I also remember my OH being registered by the midwife. Surely that on a piece of paper given to the registrar could be enough? This debate is not about getting married to be safe… surely thats a double standard?

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Rosenwyn · 22/03/2016 14:00

Sorry the DNA test was described in the op as "dehumanising", not humiliating. I don't think that is a justified description either.

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meditrina · 22/03/2016 14:00

"Why couldn't it be something like...I don't know, showing a death certificate plus proof of living at the same address for a certain amount of time to the registrar?"

That's not currently permitted if the man is living, and more not fewer checks are generally required when the person in question is not able to answer for themselves.

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DancingDinosaur · 22/03/2016 14:01

I think its bloody unfair on people who planned to get married but their partner died first. And really it is so outdated, there needs to be a change. The child has a right to their fathers name on their birth certificate. Whats even worse though is the many unmarried people who are denied bereavement benefits which are paid out to widows who were married with children. Without the marriage certificate many families are plunged into poverty, hardly the fault of the child, but they will bear the consequences of it. Hopefully the recent test case in N Ireland will change things for the rest of the UK.
I'll sign the petition.

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tabulahrasa · 22/03/2016 14:09

"That's not currently permitted if the man is living, and more not fewer checks are generally required when the person in question is not able to answer for themselves."

Well no, because they wouldn't have a death certificate for starters...

Things like joint mortgages or tenancy agreements, driving licences and passports aren't exactly just someone's word and they realistically could be proof of a relationship, you could add in other stuff easily enough that still doesn't involve a court case and DNA testing, legal next of kin being present? Save the full on having to go to court for cases where there's doubt or argument about it.

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Chlobee87 · 22/03/2016 14:34

"Things like joint mortgages or tenancy agreements, driving licences and passports aren't exactly just someone's word and they realistically could be proof of a relationship"

It's not absolute proof though, there are lots of people (especially in the current economic climate) who buy or rent with friends. Living together does not automatically imply a committed relationship. I'm not at all judgemental towards unmarried mothers. My mum and dad were not married when they had me. But it has to work for everybody, not just the mums. There has to be some safeguard against deceased men being falsely named on birth certificates so that dishonest women can claim benefits they are not entitled to. Think of the impact that would have on a grieving man's family, plus a child who doesn't know their true parentage.

I agree that there should be some protection for unmarried mothers, but this should still involve the father of the baby. i.e. as soon as you become pregnant, there could be a process whereby the father can lodge documentation with his solicitor to claim paternity.

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tabulahrasa · 22/03/2016 14:38

"There has to be some safeguard against deceased men being falsely named on birth certificates so that dishonest women can claim benefits they are not entitled to."

What benefits?...

Having the father named on a birth certificate doesn't entitle you to anything...other than having the father named on the birth certificate.

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Sprink · 22/03/2016 15:00

What benefits?

The OP made reference to widowed parents' allowance and bereavement benefits. Presumably these are benefits to which some widows are entitled upon death of spouse.

I have to say that if widow is a legal definition, it's very confusing for the OP to use it to describe an unmarried woman whose partner dies as well.

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expatinscotland · 22/03/2016 15:11

'But people don't always plan to have children before getting married, it just happens.'

So you trot down the registry office whilst pregnant, pay the fee, wait two weeks. There's nothing to organise, you can even hire witnesses. You don't need rings, either. Job done.

'Having the father named on a birth certificate doesn't entitle you to anything...other than having the father named on the birth certificate.'

It may well entitle the child to challenge that person's estate. And would you be happy for any man who dies to be able to be named as a father on a birth certificate when he may not in fact be that child's biological father or have consented to be on the certificate?

'The child has a right to their fathers name on their birth certificate.'

And can have it in such cases once paternity is proven.

If you want the legal rights of being married, get married or, if same sex and not in Scotland, civil partnership.

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IPityThePontipines · 22/03/2016 15:21

I do think there should be considerably greater efforts to ensure people understand the legal difference between marriage and cohabiting

Yes. There should be a massive campaign to highlight this along with information about just how cheap it is to get legally married.

People, especially women need to take control of their lives and have these discussions with their partners as opposed to bumbling along until they can afford the perfect wedding.

It astounds me that people can by a house together, which is a time-consuming and lengthy process, but not discuss marriage, or getting some legal recognition of their relationship.

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tabulahrasa · 22/03/2016 15:22

"The OP made reference to widowed parents' allowance and bereavement benefits. Presumably these are benefits to which some widows are entitled upon death of spouse."

But you don't get those now if the father of your child dies, even if he is named on the birth certificate - that's a seperate issue and also not what the petition is for.

Making it easier to have a named father on your child's birth certificate wouldn't automatically change that.


"It may well entitle the child to challenge that person's estate."

In which case there'd be a court case anyway, so seperately they can argue paternity out in court then.


"And would you be happy for any man who dies to be able to be named as a father on a birth certificate when he may not in fact be that child's biological father or have consented to be on the certificate?"

Why any man?

Why not have an easier process when there's reasonable evidence to give to a registrar that they were in a committed relationship? Evidence that would be considered legal proof under most other circumstances...

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expatinscotland · 22/03/2016 15:32

I agree, Pontipines. Weekly there are threads on here, 'We can't afford to get married', but they have property together. It's about £125 for many councils here in Scotland to get married for office-based, no ceremony, during the week, cheapest time. And rings are not a legal requirement.

'Why not have an easier process when there's reasonable evidence to give to a registrar that they were in a committed relationship? '

There already is one. A marriage certificate. Very cheap, too. A little over a hundred pounds in many areas.

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WannaBe · 22/03/2016 15:38

Agree with expat. Let's face it how many men are going to die in the two weeks it takes to organise a marriage ceremony?

People need to be honest with themselves here about what's really important. A wedding and all the fuss, cost, etc that involves, or the marriage, which is simple to arrange, and relatively cheap as well.

If you're committed enough to buy a house with someone, have a child with someone, then surely you're committed enough to be married to them. If not then the loss of those rights is a choice you've made for yourself.

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BoboChic · 22/03/2016 15:40

I do not think marriage should be viewed or treated as an insurance policy for women. I think it is this very assumption that so many women disagree with and the reason they do not want to marry.

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WannaBe · 22/03/2016 15:50

It's not just an insurance policy for women though. A man cannot have parental responsibility for his child unless he is named on a birth certificate, and this cannot happen if he is not at the registration if parents aren't married, for instance.

I imagine the same applies if the mother of his child dies in childbirth or before the baby is registered he presumably then also has to apply for paternity.

Otherwise where does it end? If you get pregnant after a one night stand and the man dies before the baby is born should the mother of the baby be entitled to widows pension and the like?

And if you take death out of the equation, should both parties have equal rights if they split even if not married? After what period of time should a cohabiting relationship attract the same rights as a marriage? And if people are going to say register the relationship as a cohabiting one then surely the same principles apply - if you die before you got a chance to register the relationship then the mother cannot add the father to the birth certificate etc etc and so the fight would extend to rights regardless.

It's simple. Want the benefits of marriage? Get married.

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Sprink · 22/03/2016 15:57

But you don't get those now if the father of your child dies, even if he is named on the birth certificate - that's a seperate issue and also not what the petition is for.

Okay, but that's certainly implied in the OP (rather disingenuously).

Agree it's a separate issue which is why I wonder about the mention of benefits to begin with.

I don't think devolving this power to the discretion of registrars is the answer anyway.

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softshell · 22/03/2016 16:00

DD's father isn't on her bc as we weren't married and he didn't come to register the birth. We split up before I gave birth and he died when DD was 4. Not having his name on the bc hasn't had a huge impact on her life at all and I don't feel any judgement. We have barely used her birth certificate as ID as it's not a recognised form of ID - we usually use her passport as that is accepted for more purposes. So hardly anyone has seen that there is no father named on her bc and they have all been officials and not judgemental at all. I wouldn't be bothered about the opinion of anyone who was judgy about not having a father named anyway tbh. DD knows who her father was and doesn't need his name on a piece of paper to prove it.

And although I wasn't able to get bereavement and widowed parents' benefits as an unmarried mother, I was able to get income support and the usual tax credits and child benefit, so support is still there for parents whose partner dies, even if they weren't married.

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Sprink · 22/03/2016 16:00

Nor is it the answer to simply tell everyone to get married.

If cohabiting couples wish to establish legal agreements without benefit of marriage rights, they currently have to go through a series of individual, often costly, legal procedures (wills, property agreements, etc). It seems the UK might need something similar to PACS.

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NataliaOsipova · 22/03/2016 16:04

I agree with many of the other posters - no judgement at all on the marital status of mothers, just if you want the rights conferred by marriage you can have them very easily - if you don't, then don't marry. There was a similar article in the Grauniad the other week; have to say, it read a bit along the lines of "But we are middle class people and should be special and be able to pick and choose the bits we want". Obviously, it's a tragedy that someone has died young with a baby on the way and I feel very sorry for the lady in question as if must be upsetting in those circumstances to have to "prove" your child's father. All that said, though, there's a big but..... as there simply have to be some rules around it otherwise you could put any dead man on a birth certificate and your child would then be entitled to make a claim on his estate! (James Goldsmith? Steve Jobs? The Duke of Westminster? The mind boggles.....). A totally ill thought out argument by Stella Creasy in my opinion.

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Chocolatteaddict1 · 22/03/2016 16:20

Im surprised that folk think that getting married and having kids is so black and white. I'm sure that most women would like the protection of marrage but not so many men are racing to get down the isle.

It just is not as simple as some posters are saying it is. Women often get caught up in relastionships with marriage being dangled as a carrot. How fantastic life would be if every relasionship was made by Walt Disney.

A couple of my friends are in long term relationships with a few kids who would love to get married and their dp dragging their feet over producing a ring or setting a date. Yes it is taking the piss but they really don't want to leave 'just' because he is dragging his feet when everything else is fine. Tbh I don't think most women know legally they basically have fuck all if they are not married or if they do what implications will occur if there dp dies.

Using an anology of a ONS isn't fair on the women that have lost a Long term partner and pregnant. There should be provisions for families like this which can easily be proved.

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DaphneWhitethigh · 22/03/2016 16:22

Registrars do have some discretion already. If they're going to marry people they will start from the presumption that it's on the level, but are supposed to use their discretion - if a Romanian woman and a Somali man turn up to get married with apparently no language in common and having to check photos before they recognise each other in the waiting room then the registrar will tell them to sling their hook - likewise if I turn up in a state of florid PP psychosis and claim that David Bowie is the father of my newborn then they wouldn't have to take my word for it. You could reasonably start from a presumption that the mother was telling the truth but leave it open to challenge by the family.

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tabulahrasa · 22/03/2016 16:27

"there simply have to be some rules around it otherwise you could put any dead man on a birth certificate and your child would then be entitled to make a claim on his estate!"

That doesn't follow, at all...

Some rules, yes, fine, different ones from the current ones is what they're talking about, not just making it so someone can just scour the obituaries for a man who died while they were pregnant. Hmm

"Otherwise where does it end?"

Quite easily it could end with people being able to register both parents when they have some sort of evidence that they were in a relationship and the other one died before they could register the birth, rather than adding on some weird hyperbolic end result that doesn't actually automatically follow.

It's weird how there's so many comments about not judging people followed by really judgmental views.

Deciding on a legally robust but easier way to put a father's name on a birth certificate in cases where he died before birth is hardly going to destroy society and doesn't even have to impact anything other than that process.

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DaphneWhitethigh · 22/03/2016 16:30

However I do agree with everyone else that we could do with some improvements in the current state of play. I'd suggest:
A) an education campaign to make sure that concerned parties do know the difference between married and unmarried status - slip it in the ante natal packs for a start, and a high profile storyline in Eastenders involving a bereaved cohabitee losing their home.
B) a simple cheap pack of forms that would sort out the legalities for people who really don't want to, or can't, get married but want to get the rest sorted
C) a small bribe to encourage the wage earner supporting a child and a SAHP to marry - which we now have, well done George!
D) possibly the introduction of a Civil Partnership Lite to which couples could sign up.

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